Thickness-Dependent Microstructure and its Effect on Anisotropic Mechanical Properties of Duplex Stainless Steel 2205 Multi-pass Welded Joints

doi:10.1007/s40195-023-01599-4

Abstract

Abstract:

In this study, the thickness-dependent microstructural characteristics of duplex stainless steel 2205 multi-pass welded joints were first investigated by the combination of optical microscope and electron back-scattered diffraction observation. Subsequently, a series of tensile tests of miniature samples cut from different passes and directions were performed to analyze the thickness-dependent and anisotropic mechanical properties. The results demonstrate that the microstructure changed with the welded passes, i.e., a large number of grain boundary austenite, Widmanstätten austenite and a small number of tiny intragranular austenite existed at the surface passes, while a mass of intragranular austenite were found at the middle passes. Meanwhile, the Kurdjumov-Sachs orientation relationship was widespread at the welded zone. In addition, the yield and tensile strengths of the middle passes were greater than that of the surface passes due to the grain-boundary strengthening by tiny intragranular austenite. Furthermore, due to the existence of Kurdjumov-Sachs orientation relationship, the longitudinal yield and tensile strength were greater than transverse values, particularly for the middle passes.

Key words: Duplex stainless steel, Multi-pass welded joints, Thickness-dependent microstructure, Anisotropic mechanical properties

Zhilong Dong, Xue-Fang Xie, Jingwen Li, Yu Wan. Thickness-Dependent Microstructure and its Effect on Anisotropic Mechanical Properties of Duplex Stainless Steel 2205 Multi-pass Welded Joints[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2023, 36(11): 1883-1892.

Figures/Tables 12

Table 1 Chemical compositions of based and filler materials (wt%)

Material	C	Mn	Si	Cr	Ni	Mo	N	P	S	Fe
2205	0.02	1.13	0.58	22.83	5.45	3.10	0.10	0.024	0.003	Balance
ER2209	0.02	1.60	0.50	23.00	8.50	3.10	0.11	< 0.01	< 0.005	Balance

Fig. 1 Schematic of the a weld plates, tensile sample, b samples for OM and EBSD observations

Fig. 2 Tensile testing machine of miniature specimen and geometric dimensions

Fig. 3 Overall metallographic microstructure of WM at a ZY-S, b ZX-S, c ZY-M, d ZX-M (White: austenite; Black: ferrite)

Fig. 4 Detailed microstructural morphologies at different welding zones: a ZY-S, b ZY-SM, c ZY-M, d ZX-S, e ZX-SM, f ZX-M (White: austenite; Black: ferrite)

Fig. 5 IPF and K-S orientation relationship at the a surface, b middle welding passes

Fig. 6 a-c Grain distribution, d-f statistical distribution map of grain size at ZY-S

Fig. 7 a-c Grain distribution, d-f statistical distribution map of grain size at ZY-M

Fig. 8 Distribution of KAM within two phases at the a surface, b middle passes, c the corresponding statistical results

Fig. 9 a Longitudinal, b transverse engineering strain-stress responses along the thickness direction of DSS

Table 2 Summary of mechanical properties of miniature specimens

Samples	Yield (MPa)	Tensile (MPa)	Elongation
ZX-SP1^#	545	681	0.223
ZX-SP2^#	664	802	0.284
ZX-SP3^#	667	801	0.287
ZX-SP4^#	664	800	0.267
ZX-SP5^#	542	700	0.234
ZY-SP1^#	485	645	0.228
ZY-SP2^#	547	690	0.278
ZY-SP3^#	552	695	0.279
ZY-SP4^#	550	699	0.247
ZY-SP5^#	502	651	0.232

Fig. 10 Schematic solidification process of DSS 2205 welded joints

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