Fig. 1. The 3D reconstructed dendrite [25]. (A) (a-c) Mg-30 wt% Sn, (d-f) Mg-25 wt% Al, (g-i) Mg-10 wt% Ba and (j-l) Mg-20 wt% Y. (B) (a1-a3) Mg-20 wt% Zn, (b1-b3) Mg-25 wt% Zn, (c1-c3) Mg-30 wt% Zn, (d1-d3) Mg-35 wt% Zn, (e1-e3) Mg-40 wt% Zn and (f1-f3) Mg-45 wt% Zn.

Fig. 2. The evolution of dendrite structures of Mg-25 wt% Zn (a-1), (a-2), (b-1), (b-2) and Mg-38 wt% Zn (c-1), (c-2), (d-1), (d-2) alloys before and after the isothermal hold stage for coarsening [27].

Fig. 3. Schematic of (a) normal vector of solid-liquid interface in the hcp crystal, (b) Cartesian coordinate system.

Fig. 4. Part of Mg-Zn phase diagram, points representing the data available from thermodynamic database, lines referring to solidus and liquidus lines via third-order polynomials approximate [39].

Fig. 5. Thermal field distribution (a) $t=1000 \Delta t$, (b) $t=3000 \Delta t$, (c) $t=5000 \Delta t$, and concentration field distribution (d) $t=1000 \Delta t$, (e) $t=3000 \Delta t$, (f) $t=5000 \Delta t$ in α-Mg dendrite growth of Mg-5 wt% Zn alloy under non-isothermal solidification [47].

Fig. 6. Thermal field distribution (a) $t=1000 \Delta t$, (b) $t=3000 \Delta t$, (c) $t=5000 \Delta t$, and concentration field distribution (d) $t=1000 \Delta t$, (e) $t=3000 \Delta t$, (f) $t=5000 \Delta t$ in α-Mg dendrite growth of Mg-5 wt% Zn alloy with forced convection [54].

Fig. 7. Phase-field simulated α-Mg dendrite morphology with different nucleation numbers of the Mg-5 wt% Zn alloy with and without Cu addition [62].

Fig. 8. Evolution of ten dendrites and hydrogen bubble. The first and second rows are the simulation results without and with flow [68].

Fig. 9. Comparison of the dendrite morphology. (a) Phase field simulation, (b) X-tomography of experimental investigation [75].

Fig. 10. Spatiotemporal reconstruction of phase-field simulated microstructures during directional solidification of Mg-1 wt% Gd at $V=166 \mu \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}$ for different temperature gradients G[88].

Fig. 11. The microstructure morphology with different growth velocity [92].