Texture Evolution Behavior and Its Triggered Mechanical Anisotropy of CP Ti During Severe Cold Rolling and Subsequent Annealing

doi:10.1007/s40195-020-01047-7

Abstract

Abstract:

The texture evolution behavior and its triggered mechanical anisotropy of commercially pure titanium (CP Ti) during severe cold rolling and subsequent annealing are discussed based on the optical microscopy and the electron backscattered diffraction analyses. Some enlightening results are found. It is shown that planar textures exist under all treatments, namely the {11-29}<10-10> under rolling state, the {11-27}<10-10> under 300 °C annealing state and the {11-24}<10-10> under 500 °C annealing state. This indicates that the crystal plane indices of planar texture change toward {- 12-10} with increasing annealing temperature, which is a result of crystal lattice rotation. Planar texture triggers anisotropy of the mechanical properties for CP Ti sheets under all treatments. In particular, CP Ti sheets exhibit severe and similar anisotropy behavior under rolling and 300 °C annealing states. Generally speaking, the rolling direction (RD) specimens get relatively low yield strength, high ultimate tensile strength and good plasticity, and RD + 45° specimens show relatively high yield strength, low ultimate tensile strength and good plasticity. The transverse direction specimens, however, usually exhibit high yield strength and low plasticity. It is proved that the above anisotropy behavior is mainly determined by the Schmid factor distribution of the (10-10)[11-20] prismatic slip system in different directions. Due to the non-negligible influence exerted by the (0001)[11-20] basal slip system after 500 °C annealing, the anisotropy behavior under this state is obviously different.

Key words: Titanium, Texture, Severe cold rolling, Annealing, Anisotropy, Schmid factor

Xiaohui Shi, Zuhan Cao, Zhiyuan Fan, Junwei Qiao. Texture Evolution Behavior and Its Triggered Mechanical Anisotropy of CP Ti During Severe Cold Rolling and Subsequent Annealing[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2020, 33(9): 1271-1282.

Figures/Tables 13

Fig. 1 Initial microstructure of CP Ti a, the corresponding tensile property b

Fig. 2 Shape of the rolled sheet a, the measured thickness of the rolled sheet by micrometer caliper b, the surface colors of the rolled and annealed parts c, the employed tensile specimen shape d

Fig. 3 Grain boundary figures and its corresponding grain diameter distributions: a, d rolling state; b, e rolling + 300 °C/30 min, AC; c, f rolling + 500 °C/30 min, AC

Fig. 4 Crystal orientation maps in the directions of RD, TD, ND: a-c rolling state, d-f rolling + 300 °C/30 min, AC, g-i rolling + 500 °C/30 min, AC

Fig. 5 Inverse pole figures under different treatments: a rolling state, b rolling + 300 °C/30 min, AC, c rolling + 500 °C/30 min, AC

Fig. 6 Sketch maps of the crystal orientations on rolling plane under different treatments: a rolling state, b rolling + 300 °C/30 min, AC, c rolling + 500 °C/30 min, AC

Fig. 7 Orientation distribution function (ODF) maps under different treatments: a rolling state, b rolling + 300 °C/30 min, AC, c rolling + 500 °C/30 min, AC

Table 1 Main texture components of the CP Ti sheets

Specimen	Orientation
Specimen	($\emptyset_{1} ,\emptyset ,\emptyset_{2}$)	(hkil)[uvtw]	{hkil}<uvtw>
Rolling state	10, 20, 0	(- 12-19)[10-10]	{11-29}<10-10>
Rolling state	10, 20, 60	(11-29)[1-100]	{11-29}<10-10>
Rolling + 300 °C/30 min, air cooling (AC)	10, 25, 0	(- 12-17)[10-10]	{11-27}<10-10>
Rolling + 300 °C/30 min, air cooling (AC)	10, 25, 60	(11-27)[1-100]	{11-27}<10-10>
Rolling + 500 °C/30 min, AC	10, 35, 0	(- 12-14)[10-10]	{11-24}<10-10>
Rolling + 500 °C/30 min, AC	10, 35, 60	(11-24)[1-100]	{11-24}<10-10>

Fig. 8 Tensile curves of CP Ti sheets under different treatments and in different loading directions

Table 2 Tensile properties of CP Ti sheets under different treatments and in three directions

Treatments	Direction	Tensile properties
Treatments	Direction	Yield strength (MPa)	Ultimate tensile strength (MPa)	Elongation (%)
Rolling state	RD	588	794	18.3
	RD + 45°	628	744	16.3
	TD	610	760	11.9
Rolling + 300 °C/30 min, AC	RD	545	715	20.7
	RD + 45°	505	624	18.5
	TD	556	665	11.6
Rolling + 500 °C/30 min, AC	RD	344	510	47.1
	RD + 45°	398	509	48.9
	TD	382	438	53.5

Fig. 9 Local misorientation angle maps, misorientation angle distributions and GND density distributions under: a, d, g rolling state; b, e, h rolling + 300 °C/30 min, AC; c, f, i rolling + 500 °C/30 min, AC, respectively

Fig. 10 SF maps of the prismatic slip system (10-10)[11-20]: a RD, rolling state, b RD + 45°, rolling state, c TD, rolling state, d RD, rolling + 300 °C/30 min, AC, e RD + 45°, rolling + 300 °C/30 min, AC, f TD, rolling + 300 °C/30 min, AC, g RD, rolling + 500 °C/30 min, AC, h RD + 45°, rolling + 500 °C/30 min, AC, i TD, rolling + 500 °C/30 min, AC

Fig. 11 SF maps of the basal slip system (0001)[11-20]: a RD, rolling state, b RD + 45°, rolling state, c TD, rolling state, d RD, rolling + 300 °C/30 min, AC, e RD + 45°, rolling + 300 °C/30 min, AC, f TD, rolling + 300 °C/30 min, AC, g RD, rolling + 500 °C/30 min, AC, h RD + 45°, rolling + 500 °C/30 min, AC, i TD, rolling + 500 °C/30 min, AC

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