Fig. 1. Potential application scenarios of ZMCs.

Fig. 2. A schematic of the biological roles of Zn [31].

Fig. 3. (a) Platelets adhesion number; (b) hemolysis percentage of pure Zn and Zn-GNS composites [20].

Fig. 4. The cell viability of MC3T3-E1 cells after 1, 2 and 4 days' incubation in pure Zn and Zn-HA composite extraction mediums [16].

Fig. 5. Tensile strength and elongation of Zn and ZMCs in comparison with those of other typical metallic biomaterials [46], [63], [64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [69].

Fig. 6. (a) Ultimate tensile strength of ZA27 alloy matrix composites; (b) Ultimate tensile strength of ZA37 alloy matrix composites [30].

Fig. 7. Mechanical properties of pure Zn and Zn-HA composites. (a) Compressive strength, (b) microhardness and (c) compressive stress-strain curves [16].

Fig. 8. (a) Optical micrographs of pure zinc, Zn-1HA, Zn-5HA, and Zn-10HA composites [16]; (b) Microstructure of Zn-1Mg alloy and β-TCP/Zn-1Mg composite [78]; (c) SEM micrographs of PM, HF, and HPS Zn-3Cu-10ZnO composites [74].

Fig. 9. (a) TEM images of the Zn-PUCNTs composites [64]; (b) TEM images of GNS displayed in composite material [49]; (c) The microstructure of the Zn-CF composites [118].

Fig. 10. The impact of fabrication processes on ZMCs [30].

Fig. 11. Compressive properties and hardness of PM, HF, and HPS Zn-3Cu-10ZnO composites: (a) compressive stress-strain curves; (b) bar chart of σCYS, σUCS, and hardness. Corrosion behaviors of PM, HF, and HPS Zn-3Cu-10ZnO composites in Hanks' solution: (c) potentiodynamic polarization curves; (d) degradation rate and pH value of Hanks' solution after immersion for 1 month [74].