Effect of TiB2 Addition on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AA8009 Alloy Fabricated by Laser Additive Manufacturing

doi:10.1007/s40195-023-01615-7

Abstract

Abstract:

The research involves the addition of 5 vol.% TiB₂ particles into AA8009 alloy powder to synthesize TiB₂/AA8009 composite parts produced via laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). The addition of the TiB₂ particles causes the TiB₂/AA8009 composites with and without annealing have lower compressive strength than AA8009 alloy due to the change of the strengthening mechanism. The results further indicated that solid solution strengthening was the main strengthening mechanism of the LPBF AA8009 alloy at room temperature whereas Orowan strengthening became the primary strengthening factor after annealing at 673 K. In contrast, Orowan strengthening always remained the main strengthening mechanism for the TiB₂/AA8009 composite, irrespective of the annealing temperature. In addition, after annealing of the LPBF parts at 673 K, the compressive yield strength (CYS) of the unblended AA8009 alloy specimens had a ~ 2.5 times greater reduction (from 705 ± 16 to 459 ± 30 MPa) compared to that of the composite TiB₂/AA8009 samples (from 466 ± 23 to 368 ± 3 MPa). Therefore, TiB₂ particles can suppress the drop in yield strength of LPBF AA8009 alloy below 673 K, providing a theoretical and experimental basis for the applications of both LPBF AA8009 and TiB₂/AA8009 alloys at low and medium temperatures.

Key words: Laser powder bed fusion, AA8009 alloy, Microstructure, Mechanical properties

Xinxing Xiong, Sijie Yu, Pei Wang, Junfang Qi, Haichao Li, Xulei Wang, Michael Ryan, Debajyoti Bhaduri. Effect of TiB₂ Addition on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AA8009 Alloy Fabricated by Laser Additive Manufacturing[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2024, 37(1): 67-77.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig. 1 SEM images: a AA8009 powder, b Micron-sized TiB2 particles, c TiB2/AA8009 powder mixture (inset: a high-magnification image)

Fig. 2 XRD patterns of AA8009 powder, LPBF AA8009 alloy, LPBF TiB2/AA8009 composite

Fig. 3 SEM images: a LPBF AA8009 alloy, b LPBF TiB2/AA8009 composite. Insets are high-magnification images of the melt pool boundary (red box) and center (green box))

Fig. 4 EBSD maps of the materials on as-built condition: a LPBF AA8009 alloy and b LPBF TiB2/AA8009 composite. Inset are the equivalent grain size diameters in EBSD maps

Fig. 5 XRD patterns of a LPBF AA8009 alloy and b LPBF TiB2/AA8009 composite processed in different heat treatment conditions

Fig. 6 SEM images of the a1-a5 LPBF AA8009 alloy and b1-b5 LPBF TiB2/AA8009 composite annealed for 6 h at different temperatures (373-773 K). Insets are the SEM micrographs for the melt pool boundary

Fig. 7 EBSD maps for a LPBF AA8009 alloy 673 K and b LPBF TiB2/AA8009 composites 673 K. Insets show the equivalent grain size diameter in EBSD maps

Fig. 8 Compressive stress-strain curves a and CYS curves b of LPBF AA8009 alloys and LPBF TiB2/AA8009 composites before and after different temperatures annealing

Fig. 9 Compressive yield strength of measured and theoretically calculated values (AA8009 RT, AA8009 673 K, TiB2/AA8009 RT, and TiB2/AA8009 673 K)

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Effect of TiB₂ Addition on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AA8009 Alloy Fabricated by Laser Additive Manufacturing

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