Improved Corrosion Resistance of Ultrafine-Grained Mg-Gd-Zr Alloy Fabricated by Surface Friction Treatment

doi:10.1007/s40195-023-01522-x

Abstract

Abstract:

Gradient ultrafine-grained (UFG) Mg-2Gd-0.4Zr (wt%) alloy sheet, with a UFG layer of about 118 nm on the topmost treated surface, was fabricated by sliding friction treatment (SFT). The corrosion resistance of the SFT-processed UFG surface layer was greatly improved compared to the original coarse-grained (CG) structure, representing as a higher impedance and a lower corrosion rate (CG: 4.11 mm y⁻¹, UFG: 2.71 mm y⁻¹). The UFG layer with high density of grain boundaries exhibits an excellent impeditive effect on the cracking of corrosion product films. Compared to the CG sample, the stable corrosion product film inhibits the formation of pitting so providing a better protective effect. In addition, the Gd-rich clusters are randomly distributed after SFT processing, which decreases the tendency of galvanic corrosion on the UFG surface.

Key words: Ultrafine grains, Mg-Gd-Zr alloy, Corrosion resistance

Chunquan Liu, Xianhua Chen, Yulong Wu, Yaobo Hu, Wei Zhang, Yusheng Zhang, Jingying Bai, Fusheng Pan. Improved Corrosion Resistance of Ultrafine-Grained Mg-Gd-Zr Alloy Fabricated by Surface Friction Treatment[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2023, 36(8): 1281-1291.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig. 1 a Schematic of the sliding fraction treatment, b IPF map of the cross section before and after SFT, c XRD analyses of the SFTed and un-SFTed layer, d microhardness and the electrical conductivity along depth from the SFTed surface

Fig. 2 TEM observations and corresponding statistics of grain size along the cross section of SFT-processed sample: a UFG layer, b SMG layer, c CG layer

Fig. 3 a BSE-SEM image of the SFTed sheet, b, c BSE comparison of the un-SFTed and SFTed areas, (b-1) the HAADF-STEM image of the CG area, (b-2) and (b-3) TEM identification of the secondary phase particles in (b-1), (c-1) HAADF-STEM image of the UFG area

Fig. 4 Potentiodynamic polarization curves of CG and UFG samples in 3.5% NaCl solution

Table 1 Corrosion potentials (${E}_{\mathrm{corr}}$), corrosion current densities (${I}_{\mathrm{corr}}$) and corrosion rate obtained from polarization curves and the emersion test of the UFG and CG samples

Specimens	${E}_{\mathrm{corr}}$(V)	${I}_{\mathrm{corr}}$(μA cm⁻²)	${E}_{\mathrm{bd}}$(V)
CG	− 1.76	39.2	− 1.61
UFG	− 1.67	12.6	− 1.54

Fig. 5 a, b Bode plots, c Nyquist plots, d equivalent circuits used to fit the EIS spectra

Table 2 Fitted parameters of EIS spectrum depicted

Samples	R_s (Ω·cm²)	R_f (Ω·cm²)	CPE_f (F sⁿ cm⁻²)	n₁	R_ct (Ω·cm²)	CPE_dl (F sⁿ cm⁻²)	n₂	χ²
CG	21.95	636.6	1.95 × 10^-5	0.91	410.1	2.08 × 10^-3	0.73	1.51 × 10^-3
UFG	37.2	1189	1.64 × 10^-5	0.922	687.9	1.54 × 10^-3	0.86	2.91 × 10^-3

Fig. 6 a Image of hydrogen evolution volume for CG and UFG during the immersion in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution, b comparison of the corrosion rates between CG and UFG samples

Fig.7 a, b Corrosion morphologies of CG and UFG specimens immersed after 5 h, 15 h, 30 h and 48 h, respectively, c, d topographic map of CG and UFG samples immersed after 48 h, respectively

Fig. 8 a Corrosion morphology of the cross section after 15 h immersion in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution, b cross section after removing the corrosion products film, c, d comparison of the corrosion products film on UFG area and CG area, e, f EDS mapping of the corrosion product films

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