Interpenetrated Magnesium-Tricalcium Phosphate Composite: Manufacture, Characterization and In Vitro Degradation Test

doi:10.1007/s40195-017-0560-0

Abstract

Abstract:

Magnesium and calcium phosphates composites are promising biomaterials to create biodegradable load-bearing implants for bone regeneration. The present investigation is focused on the design of an interpenetrated magnesium-tricalcium phosphate (Mg-TCP) composite and its evaluation under immersion test. In the study, TCP porous preforms were fabricated by robocasting to have a prefect control of porosity and pore size and later infiltrated with pure commercial Mg through current-assisted metal infiltration (CAMI) technique. The microstructure, composition, distribution of phases and degradation of the composite under physiological simulated conditions were analysed by scanning electron microscopy, elemental chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction. The results revealed that robocast TCP preforms were full infiltrated by magnesium through CAMI, even small pores below 2 μm have been filled with Mg, giving to the composite a good interpenetration. The degradation rate of the Mg-TCP composite displays lower value compared to the one of pure Mg during the first 24 h of immersion test.

Key words: Calcium phosphate, Magnesium, Liquid metal infiltration, Spark plasma sintering, Corrosion

Mariano Casas-Luna, Serhii Tkachenko, Miroslava Horynová, Lenka Klakurková, Pavel Gejdos, Sebastian Diaz-de-la-Torre, Ladislav Celko, Jozef Kaiser, Edgar B. Montufar. Interpenetrated Magnesium-Tricalcium Phosphate Composite: Manufacture, Characterization and In Vitro Degradation Test[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2017, 30(4): 319-325.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig. 1 Microstructure and composition of sintered robocast preforms. a TCP preform produced by direct ink writing with a controlled macro-porosity of 350 μm, b microstructure of TCP preform after sintering at 1100 °C per 5 h, c XRD of TCP preform after sintering

Fig. 2 TCP preform after CAMI. a screw-like specimen from a TCP preform infiltrated with Mg, b optical microscopy image of the interpenetrated Mg-TCP composite obtained by CAMI

Fig. 3 SEM images of Mg-TCP interpenetrated composite. a Overall view of the Mg-TCP composite, b the presence of CaMg2 intermetallic, c close-up of the ceramic phase, d close-up of the Mg + CaMg2 intermetallic

Fig. 4 Elemental chemical analysis by EDX of Mg-TCP interpenetrated composite

Fig. 5 XRD pattern for Mg-TCP interpenetrated composite obtained by CAMI

Fig. 6 Represzntative samples for degradation test. a Mg-TCP composite discs for degradation test, b Mg-TCP composite disc after 24 h of degradation test in saline solution, c same Mg-TCP sample than b after the removal of corrosion products with CrO3 and AgNO3

Fig. 7 Degradation rates over the time for pure magnesium and Mg-TCP composite

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