Electrochemical Performance of Nanocrystalline and Amorphous Mg-Nd-Ni-Cu-Based Mg2Ni-type Alloy Electrodes Used in Ni-MH Batteries

doi:10.1007/s40195-014-0130-7

Abstract

Abstract:

Nanocrystalline and amorphous Mg₂Ni-type (Mg₂₄Ni₁₀Cu₂)_100-_x Nd _x (x=0, 5,10,15,20) alloys were prepared by melt-spinning technology. The structures of as-cast and spun alloys were characterised by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Electrochemical performance of the alloy electrodes was measured using an automatic galvanostatic system. The electrochemical impedance spectra and Tafel polarisation curves of the alloy electrodes were plotted using an electrochemical work station. The hydrogen diffusion coefficients were calculated using the potential step method. Results indicate that all the as-cast alloys present a multiphase structure with Mg₂Ni type as the major phase with Mg₆Ni, Nd₅Mg₄₁ and NdNi as secondary phases. The secondary phases increased with the increasing Nd content. The as-spun Nd-free alloy exhibited nanocrystalline structure, whereas the as-spun Nd-doped alloys exhibited nanocrystalline and amorphous structures. These results suggest that adding Nd facilitates glass formation of Mg₂Ni-type alloys. Melt spinning and Nd addition improved alloy electrochemical performance, which includes discharge potential characteristics, discharge capacity, electrochemical cycle stability and high-rate discharge ability.

Key words: Mg2Ni-type alloy, Nd addition, Melt spinning, Structure, Electrochemical performance

Zhang Yanghuan, Wang Haitao, Dong Xiaoping, Bu Wengang, Yuan Zeming, Zhang Guofang. Electrochemical Performance of Nanocrystalline and Amorphous Mg-Nd-Ni-Cu-Based Mg₂Ni-type Alloy Electrodes Used in Ni-MH Batteries[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2014, 27(6): 1088-1098.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig. 1 SEM images and typical EDS results of as-cast (Mg24Ni10Cu2)100-x Nd x (x = 0-20) alloys: a Nd0; b Nd10; c Nd20

Fig. 2 XRD patterns of as-cast and spun (Mg24Ni10Cu2)100-x Nd x (x = 0-20) alloys: a as-cast; b as-spun (40 m/s); c Nd10 alloys

Fig. 3 HRTEM images and SAED patterns of as-spun Nd0 and Nd10 alloys: a Nd0, 10 m/s; b Nd0, 40 m/s; c Nd10, 10 m/s; d Nd10, 40 m/s

Fig. 4 Discharge potential curves of as-spun (40 m/s) (Mg24Ni10Cu2)100-x Nd x (x = 0-20) alloys a; as-cast and as-spun (10-40 m/s) Nd10 alloy b

Fig. 5 Evolution of the discharge capacity of as-cast and spun (Mg24Ni10Cu2)100-x Nd x (x = 0-20) alloys with varying Nd contents

Fig. 6 Evolution of the S n values of as-spun (40 m/s) (Mg24Ni10Cu2)100-x Nd x (x = 0-20) alloys a; as-cast and as-spun (10-40 m/s) Nd10 alloy b

Fig. 7 SEM images and XRD pattern of as-spun (40 m/s) Nd0 and Nd10 alloys before and after electrochemical test: a Nd0 alloy before electrochemical test; b Nd0 alloy after electrochemical test; c Nd10 alloy after electrochemical test; d XRD pattern of the Nd0 alloy after electrochemical test

Fig. 8 Evolution of the HRDs of of as-spun (40 m/s) (Mg24Ni10Cu2)100-x Nd x (x = 0-20) alloys a; as-cast and as-spun (10—40 m/s) Nd10 alloy b

Fig. 9 Semilogarithmic curves of anodic current versus time responses of as-spun (40 m/s) (Mg24Ni10Cu2)100-x Nd x (x = 0-20) alloys a; as-cast and as-spun (10—40 m/s) Nd10 alloy b

Fig. 10 Tafel polarisation curves at 50% DOD of as-spun (40 m/s) (Mg24Ni10Cu2)100-x Nd x(x = 0-20) alloys a; as-cast and as-spun (10—40 m/s) Nd10 alloy b

Fig. 11 Electrochemical impedance spectra of as-cast and spun (Mg24Ni10Cu2)100-x Nd x (x = 0-20) alloys at 50% DOD: a as-spun (40 m/s); b Nd10 alloys

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Electrochemical Performance of Nanocrystalline and Amorphous Mg-Nd-Ni-Cu-Based Mg₂Ni-type Alloy Electrodes Used in Ni-MH Batteries

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