Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of DS experiment under a WTSMF: a experimental apparatus, b illustration of the relative position of the mushy zone to the WTSMF, c schematic illustration of the sample

Fig. 2 Transverse microstructures of Ni-based DD3 SX superalloy under different WTSMF intensities (G = 70 K/cm, R = 30 μm/s): a 0 T, b 0.1 T, c 0.3 T, d 0.5 T

Fig. 3 Effect of the WTSMF intensity on the PDAS of DD3 SX superalloy

Fig. 4 Distributions of element Al in DD3 alloy under different WTSMF intensities: a 0 T, b 0.1 T, c 0.3 T, d 0.5 T

Fig. 5 Distributions of element Mo in DD3 alloy under different WTSMF intensities: a 0 T, b 0.1 T, c 0.3 T, d 0.5 T

Fig. 6 Effect of the magnetic field on the segregation of element

Fig. 7 SEM micrographs of γ′ precipitates in the DD3 SX superalloy under different WTSMF intensities: a 0 T, b 0.1 T, c 0.3 T, d 0.5 T

Fig. 8 Size of γ′ phase in the dendrite core of DD3 SX superalloy under different WTSMF intensities

Fig. 9 Morphologies of γ/γ′ eutectic of DD3 SX superalloy under different WTSMF intensities: a 0 T, b 0.1 T, c 0.3 T, d 0.5 T

Fig. 10 Effect of magnetic field intensity on the γ/γ′ eutectic volume fraction

Fig. 11 3D geometry model applied in the numerical simulation of the TEMC effect near the S/L interface a and around the dendrite b in the DD3 superalloy: (a1, b1) geometry; (a2, b2) mesh

Fig. 12 Distribution and intensity of the TEMC near the S/L interface in DD3 SX superalloy under different WTSMF intensities: a 0 T, b 0.1 T, c 0.3 T, d 0.5 T (the flow direction is shown by red arrows, and the magnitude is the colored slice)

Fig. 13 Distribution and intensity of the TEMC around the dendrite in DD3 SX superalloy under different WTSMF intensities: a 0 T, b 0.1 T, c 0.3 T, d 0.5 T (the flow direction is shown by red arrows, and the magnitude is the colored slice)

Fig. 14 Maximum of the TEMC velocity in DD3 SX superalloy under various WTSMF intensities: a TEMC velocity near the S/L interface, b TEMC velocity around the dendrite