Oxidation, Mechanical and Tribological Behaviors of the Ni/cBN Abrasive Coating-Coated Titanium Alloys

doi:10.1007/s40195-020-01167-0

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to improve the oxidation and wear resistance of blades tip of titanium alloys as well as the sealing performance of the gas turbine engine, a Ni/cBN abrasive coating was prepared on titanium alloys through composite electroplating. Oxidation, mechanical and tribological properties of the abrasive coating were investigated. Furthermore, the effect of the oxidation on the mechanical and tribological properties was also evaluated. Oxidation results revealed that the abrasive coating underwent slight oxidation within 700 °C. Meanwhile, some intermetallic compounds, Ni₃Ti, NiTi and NiTi₂, were formed at the coating/substrate interface during oxidation. Due to the pinning effect of cBN particles and the different thermal expansion coefficients of the coating and substrate, the coating/substrate interface was cracked after oxidation at 700 °C. Tensile results showed that the presence of coating reduced the strength of the alloy significantly at room temperature, while only marginal variations of the strength of the coated and uncoated specimens at elevated temperatures. Besides, the wear tests indicated that the coating had the excellent cutting ability and wear resistance, which can effectively protect the blades tip of titanium alloys. As the temperature increased, the wear resistance decreased due to the decrease in the mechanical properties of the Ni/cBN coating.

Key words: Abrasive coating, Oxidation, Mechanical properties, Wear, Titanium alloy

Y. D. Liu, J. H. Liu, W. S. Gu, H. L. Li, W. H. Li, Z. L. Pei, J. Gong, C. Sun. Oxidation, Mechanical and Tribological Behaviors of the Ni/cBN Abrasive Coating-Coated Titanium Alloys[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2021, 34(7): 1007-1020.

Figures/Tables 14

Fig. 1 Schematic a, morphologies b of the specimens used for tensile testing (all dimensions in mm)

Fig. 2 Surface a, cross-sectional b morphologies of the as-deposited Ni/cBN coating

Fig. 3 Anisothermal oxidation kinetic curve of Ni/cBN coating in the air

Fig. 4 Isothermal oxidation kinetic curves a-c and corresponding oxidation rate constants d-f for the TC4, the abrasive coating at 500 °C a, d, 600 °C b, e, 700 °C c, f, respectively

Fig. 5 XRD patterns of TC4 a, Ni/cBN coating b at different temperatures

Fig. 6 Cross-sectional morphologies of TC4 a-c, Ni/cBN coating d-f after oxidation at 500 °C a, d, 600 °C b, e, 700 °C c, f for 100 h

Fig. 7 Cross-sectional morphologies of the coated specimens after oxidation at 500 °C a, b, 600 °C d, e, 700 °C g, h, corresponding line scanning analysis c, f, i across the coating/substrate interface as shown by a black straight line on the micrographs b, e, h

Table 1 Chemical compositions of the intermetallic compounds for Ni/cBN coatings

Position	Composition (at.%)
Position	Ni	Ti	Al
1	75.83	24.17	-
2	51.39	48.61	-
3	75.20	24.80	-
4	49.88	43.19	6.93
5	74.48	25.52	-
6	49.65	44.15	6.20
7	30.07	64.12	5.81

Fig. 8 Tensile performance of the coated and uncoated specimens at different temperatures. a Specified disproportionate elongation strength; b tensile strength; c fracture elongation; d reduction of cross-section area; e engineering stress-strain curves

Fig. 9 Fracture morphologies of the specimens after tensile tests. a, d, c, f, h, k uncoated specimens at RT, 500 °C and 600 °C, respectively; b, e, g, j, i, l coated specimens at RT, 500 °C and 600 °C, respectively

Fig. 10 Friction coefficient measured for Al2O3 balls sliding on TC4, Ni/cBN coatings at RT a, 600 °C b

Fig. 11 Weight variation of the specimens and corresponding Al2O3 balls before and after wear tests at RT a, 600 °C b

Fig. 12 Surface micrographs a, b, optical profilometry images c, d and line profiles e, f for the wear tracks of TC4 a, c, e, Ni/cBN coating b, d, f at RT

Fig. 13 Surface micrographs a, b, optical profilometry images c, d and line profiles e, f for the wear tracks of TC4(a, c, e), Ni/cBN coating b, d, f at 600 °C

References 49

[1]	R.R. Boyer , Mater. Sci. Eng. A 213, 103 (1996)
[2]	S. Rani, A.K. Agrawal, V. Rastogi , Case Stud. Eng. Fail. Anal. 8, 1(2017)
[3]	N. Fois, J. Stringer , Wear 304, 202 (2013)
[4]	K. Laul, S. Rahemanji , Adv. Mater. Res. 170, 54(2012)
[5]	R. Rajendran , Eng. Fail. Anal. 26, 355(2012) DOI URL
[6]	I. Gurrappa , J. Alloys Compd. 389, 190(2005) DOI URL
[7]	M. Berthaud, I. Popa, R. Chassagnon, O. Heintz, J. Lavková, S. Chevalier , Corros. Sci. 164, 108049(2020) DOI URL
[8]	D.G. Teer, F.B. Salem , Thin Solid Films 45, 583 (1977)
[9]	R. David, D. Mark, B. Justin , Mater. High Temp. 33, 1(2016) DOI URL
[10]	J.C. Williams, E.A. Starke , Acta Mater. 51, 5775(2003) DOI URL
[11]	M. Watson , N. Fois, Wear 338-339, 268(2015)
[12]	Y.D. Liu, J. Sun, Z.L. Pei, W. Li, J.H. Liu, J. Gong, C. Sun , Corros. Sci. 167, 108486(2020) DOI URL
[13]	D. Kim, D. Seo, X. Huang, T. Sawatzky, H. Saari, J. Hong, Y.W. Kim , Int. Mater. Rev. 59, 297(2014)
[14]	Y.D. Liu, J.P. Zhang, Z.L. Pei, J.H. Liu, W.H. Li, J. Gong , C. Sun, Wear 456-457, 203389(2020)
[15]	B. Li, J.H. Jia, Y.M. Gao, H.J. Guo, M.M. Han, W.Z. Wang, Acta Metall. Sin. (Engl. Lett.) 30, 801(2017) DOI URL
[16]	C.F. Sun, Y.B. Wang, Q. Su, Z.G. Guo, L. Shi , Adv. Mater. Sci. Eng. 2016,1(2016)
[17]	J.H. Liu, Y.D. Liu, Z.L. Pei, W.H. Li, W.B. Shi, J. Gong , C. Sun, Wear 452-453, 203300(2020)
[18]	Z.X. Ping, G.A. Cheng, Y.D. He, Acta Metall. Sin. (Engl. Lett.) 23, 137(2010)
[19]	W. Wang, S.Q. Qian, X.Y. Zhou , J. Mater. Sci. 45, 1617(2010) DOI URL
[20]	S.R. Fu, L.J. Yang, P. Wang, S.P. Wang, Z.X. Li , Coatings 10, 702 (2020)
[21]	R. Tyagi, D.S. Xiong, J. Li, J. Dai , Wear 269, 884 (2010)
[22]	M.A. Farrokhzad , Surf. Coat. Technol. 309, 390(2017) DOI URL
[23]	J.R. Davenport, L. Mendez-Garcia, S. Purkayastha, M.E. Hancock, R.J. Stearn, W.J. Clegg , Mater. Sci. Technol. 30, 1877(2014) DOI URL
[24]	H. Guleryuz, H. Cimenoglu , J. Alloys. Compd. 472, 241(2009) DOI URL
[25]	R. Siab, G. Bonnet, J.M. Brossard, J. Balmain, J.F. Dinhut , Appl. Surf. Sci. 253, 3425(2007) DOI URL
[26]	H. Guleryuz, H. Cimenoglu , Surf. Coat. Technol. 192, 164(2005) DOI URL
[27]	K. Katuku, A. Koursaris, I. Sigalas , Corros. Sci. 64, 55(2012) DOI URL
[28]	D.B. Wei, P.Z. Zhang, Z.J. Yao, J.T. Zhou, X.F. Wei, P. Zhou , Appl. Surf. Sci. 261, 800(2012) DOI URL
[29]	H.L. Du, P.K. Datta, D.B. Lewis, J.S. Burnell Gray, Corros. Sci. 36, 631(1994) DOI URL
[30]	R. Peraldi, D. Monceau, B. Pieraggi , Oxid. Met. 58, 249(2002) DOI URL
[31]	R. Peraldi, D. Monceau, B. Pieraggi , Oxid. Met. 58, 275(2002) DOI URL
[32]	Y. Zhou, Q. Wang, D.L. Sun, X.L. Han , J. Alloys. Compd. 509, 1201(2011) DOI URL
[33]	G. Khosravi, M.H. Sohi, H.M. Ghasemi, A.K. Vafadar , Int. J. Surf. Sci. Eng. 9, 43(2015) DOI URL
[34]	P. Novak, P. Pokorný, V. Vojtech, A. Knaislova, A. Skolakov, J. Capek, M. Karlíkb, J. Kopecekc , Mater. Chem. Phys. 155, 113(2015) DOI URL
[35]	C. Velmurugan, V. Senthilkumar, S. Sarala, J. Arivarasan , J. Mater. Process. Technol. 234, 272(2016) DOI URL
[36]	Y.X. Xia, D. Li , Rare Met. Mater. Eng. 30, 388(2001)
[37]	C. Parlikar, M.Z. Alam, D. Chatterjee, D.K. Das , Mater. Sci. Eng. A 682, 518 (2017)
[38]	S. Gao, J.S. Hou, F. Yang, Y.G. Guo, C.S. Wang, L.Z. Zhou , Mater. Sci. Eng. A 706, 153 (2017)
[39]	R. Braun, N. Laska, S. Knittel, U. Schulz , Mater. Sci. Eng. A 699, 118 (2017)
[40]	Z.P. Zhao, N.H. Tariq, J.R. Tang, C.L. Jia, X. Qiu, Y.P. Ren, H.H. Liu, Y.F. Shen, H. Du, X.Y. Cui, J.Q. Wang, T.Y. Xiong , Mater. Des. 185, 108249(2020) DOI URL
[41]	R. Aninat, N. Valle , Corros. Sci. 156, 171(2019) DOI
[42]	M. Franco, W. Sha, G. Aldic, S. Malinov, H. Çimenoğlu , Tribol. Int. 97, 265(2016) DOI URL
[43]	N. Sunwang, P. Wangyao, Y. Boonyongmaneerat , Surf. Coat. Technol. 206, 1096(2011) DOI URL
[44]	R.S. Magaziner, V.K. Jain, S. Mall , Wear 264, 1002 (2008)
[45]	M.C. Gui, S.B. Kang, J.M. Lee , Wear 240, 186 (2000)
[46]	J.H. Choi, G. Gyawali, D.R. Dhakal, B. Joshi, S.W. Lee, Acta Metall. Sin. (Engl. Lett.) 33, 573(2020) DOI URL
[47]	Z.H. Li, H.F. Zheng, Y.M. Zhu, Q.M. Yuan , Key Eng. Mater. 280-283, 1395(2005)
[48]	W.H. Xue, S.Y. Gao, D.L. Duan, J.P. Zhang, Y. Liu , S. Li, Wear 410-411, 25(2018)
[49]	R. Endo, M. Shima, M. Susa , Int. J. Thermophys. 31, 1991 (2010)