Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of FeNiCoCr and FeNiCoCrMn High-Entropy Alloys Fabricated by Powder Metallurgy

doi:10.1007/s40195-020-01150-9

Abstract

Abstract:

The present work reports a systematic investigation on phase evolution, microstructure and microstructure-property relationship of two typical face-centered cubic (FCC) structured high-entropy alloys (HEAs), FeNiCoCr and FeNiCoCrMn, prepared via mechanical alloying (MA) followed by spark plasma sintering (SPS). Following 50 h of MA, the two HEAs consisted of a mixture of FCC and body-centered cubic phases. Following SPS, the bulk FeNiCoCr alloy showed a primary FCC phase with a small amount of Cr₂₃C₆ and Cr₂O₃ contaminants, while the bulk FeNiCoCrMn alloy was composed of a primary FCC phase with some (Cr,Mn)₂₃C₆ and MnCr₂O₄ contaminants. The average grain size of the primary FCC phase in the bulk FeNiCoCr alloy was~416 nm, while that of the primary FCC phase in the bulk FeNiCoCrMn alloy was~547 nm. The yield strength, compressive strength and strain-to-failure of the bulk FeNiCoCr alloy are 1525 MPa, 1987 MPa and 24.4%, respectively, whereas those of the bulk FeNiCoCrMn alloy are 1329 MPa, 1761 MPa and 21.9%, respectively. It suggests that the bulk FeNiCoCrMn exhibited lower strength and plasticity in comparison with the bulk FeNiCoCr alloy. Clearly, the smaller grain size of the primary FCC phase in the FeNiCoCr alloy is mainly responsible for the better mechanical performance.

Key words: High-entropy alloy, Mechanical alloying, Microstructure, Strengthening, Contaminants

Chenliang Chu, Weiping Chen, Zhen Chen, Zhenfei Jiang, Hao Wang, Zhiqiang Fu. Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of FeNiCoCr and FeNiCoCrMn High-Entropy Alloys Fabricated by Powder Metallurgy[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2021, 34(4): 445-454.

Figures/Tables 9

References 49

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Alloys	Regions	Fe	Ni	Co	Cr	Mn	C	O
FeNiCoCr	Nominal composition	25	25	25	25	-	-	-
	FCC (A)	25.4±0.8	27.0±1.1	27.7±0.9	19.9±0.8	-	-	-
	Carbide phase (B)	8.8±0.3	4.5±1.3	5.8±1.1	62±3.6	-	18.8±2.6	-
	Oxide phase (C)	2.1±1.1	2.5±1.3	2.6±1.5	34.1±5.9	-	-	58.7±4.8
FeNiCoCrMn	Nominal composition	20	20	20	20	20	-	-
	FCC (D)	21.9±0.8	21.0±1.1	20.8±0.9	16.2±1.1	20.1±1.3	-	-
	Carbide phase (E)	3.2±0.2	1.2±0.1	1.8±0.1	43.7±2.6	30.8±1.2	19.3±3.1	-
	Oxide phase (F)	1.0±0.2	0.7±0.3	0.5±0.2	19.9±5.5	14.4±3.2	-	63.5±6.2

Alloys	Regions	Fe	Ni	Co	Cr	Mn	C	O
FeNiCoCr	Nominal composition	25	25	25	25	-	-	-
	FCC (A)	25.4±0.8	27.0±1.1	27.7±0.9	19.9±0.8	-	-	-
	Carbide phase (B)	8.8±0.3	4.5±1.3	5.8±1.1	62±3.6	-	18.8±2.6	-
	Oxide phase (C)	2.1±1.1	2.5±1.3	2.6±1.5	34.1±5.9	-	-	58.7±4.8
FeNiCoCrMn	Nominal composition	20	20	20	20	20	-	-
	FCC (D)	21.9±0.8	21.0±1.1	20.8±0.9	16.2±1.1	20.1±1.3	-	-
	Carbide phase (E)	3.2±0.2	1.2±0.1	1.8±0.1	43.7±2.6	30.8±1.2	19.3±3.1	-
	Oxide phase (F)	1.0±0.2	0.7±0.3	0.5±0.2	19.9±5.5	14.4±3.2	-	63.5±6.2

Element (atomic radii, Å)	C	Fe	Ni	Co	Cr	Mn
C (0.77)	-	-50	-39	-42	-61	-66
Fe (1.27)	-	-	-2	-1	-1	0
Ni (1.25)	-	-	-	0	-7	-8
Co (1.26)	-	-	-	-	-4	-5
Cr (1.28)	-	-	-	-	-	2
Mn (1.29)	-	-	-	-	-	-

Element (atomic radii, Å)	C	Fe	Ni	Co	Cr	Mn
C (0.77)	-	-50	-39	-42	-61	-66
Fe (1.27)	-	-	-2	-1	-1	0
Ni (1.25)	-	-	-	0	-7	-8
Co (1.26)	-	-	-	-	-4	-5
Cr (1.28)	-	-	-	-	-	2
Mn (1.29)	-	-	-	-	-	-

Alloys	Process	σ_0.2 (MPa)	σ_max (MPa)	ε_f (%)	Hardness (H_V)	References
FeNiCoCr	MA and SPS	1525	1987	24.4	465	This work
FeNiCoCrMn	MA and SPS	1329	1761	21.9	407	This work
FeNiCoCr	MA and SPS	657	-	> 50	-	[39]
FeNiCoCrMn	MA and SPS	700^a	762^a	9.8^a	314	[40]
FeNiCoCr	Arc-melting and casting	140^a	488^a	83^a	160	[17]
FeNiCoCrMn	Arc-melting and casting	215^a	491^a	71^a	170	[17]