Reduced Annealing Time and Enhanced Magnetocaloric Effect of La(Fe, Al)13 Alloy by La-nonstoichiometry and Si-doping

doi:10.1007/s40195-020-01107-y

Abstract

Abstract:

LaFe_13-_xM_x (M = Si, Al) alloys are promising for use in magnetic refrigeration. However, they require long annealing time (30 days) in order to optimize the magnetocaloric properties. Research has shown that the addition of extra La in off-stoichiometric alloys can greatly shorten the annealing time. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of the extra addition of La on the annealing properties of a new off-stoichiometric La_1.7Fe_11.6Al_1.4-_xSi_x (x = 0, 0.1, 0.4) alloys. It was demonstrated that after a 36h annealing time, a large volume fraction of 1:13 magnetocaloric phase was obtained for all alloys. Further microstructural analysis of the off-stoichiometric La_1.7Fe_11.6Al_1.4-_xSi_x alloys revealed a facet-like grain morphology. The La_1.7Fe_11.6Al_1.4 and La_1.7Fe_11.6Al₁Si_0.4 alloys were shown to contain large 1:13 phase precipitates separated in a La-rich matrix, while the La_1.7Fe_11.6Al_1.3Si_0.1 alloy had a continuous 1:13 phase matrix with a fine dispersion of La-rich precipitates throughout. When the magnetic field varied between 0 and 2 T, the corresponding magnetic entropy change and relative cooling capacity for the La_1.7Fe_11.6Al_1.3Si_0.1 specimen were determined as 4.58 J/kg K and 173.6 J/kg, respectively. More importantly, the La_1.7Fe_11.6Al_1.3Si_0.1 alloy displayed only a slight volume change when the meta-magnetic phase transition occurred, which is promising for cyclic use.

Key words: Solidification, Magnetic properties, Heat treatment, Microstructure, Functional alloys

Liang Yang, Jun Li, Defang Tu, Joel C. J. Strickland, Qiaodan Hu, Hongbiao Dong, Jianguo Li. Reduced Annealing Time and Enhanced Magnetocaloric Effect of La(Fe, Al)₁₃ Alloy by La-nonstoichiometry and Si-doping[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2020, 33(11): 1535-1542.

Figures/Tables 7

Table 1 La1.7Fe11.6Al1.4-xSix (x = 0, 0.1, 0.4) specimen annealed at different conditions

Component	Annealing temperature (K)	Annealing time (h)	Microstructure
La_1.7Fe_11.6Al_1.4	1198	36	α-Fe + La-rich
	1248	36	1:13 + La-rich
	1273	36	1:13 + La-rich + α-Fe
La_1.7Fe_11.6Al_1.3Si_0.1	1198	36	1:13 + La-rich
La_1.7Fe_11.6Al_1.3Si_0.1	1248	36	1:13 + La-rich + α-Fe
La_1.7Fe_11.6Al₁Si_0.4	1198	36	α-Fe + La-rich
	1248	36	1:13 + La-rich
	1273	36	1:13 + La-rich + α-Fe

Fig. 1 a-c SEM (backscattered mode) images of as-cast La1.7Fe11.6Al1.4, La1.7Fe11.6Al1.3Si0.1 and La1.7Fe11.6Al1Si0.4 specimens, respectively. d-f SEM images of annealed La1.7Fe11.6Al1.4 (1248 K, 36 h), La1.7Fe11.6Al1.3Si0.1 (1198 K, 36 h) and La1.7Fe11.6Al1Si0.4 (1248 K, 36 h) specimens, respectively. Main phases of La1.7Fe11.6Al1.4-xSix (x = 0, 0.1, 0.4) alloys are highlighted in the image

Fig. 2 XRD patterns of La1.7Fe11.6Al1.4-xSix (x = 0, 0.1, 0.4) specimens annealed at selected temperatures for 36 h

Fig. 3 M-T curves for annealed La1.7Fe11.6Al1.4 (1248 K, 36 h), La1.7Fe11.6Al1.3Si0.1 (1198 K, 36 h) and La1.7Fe11.6Al1Si0.4 (1248 K, 36 h) specimens under a magnetic field of 0.02 T a. The corresponding derivative curve used to determine the Curie temperature of the specimens b

Fig. 4 a-c Isothermal magnetization curves of annealed La1.7Fe11.6Al1.4 (1248 K, 36 h), La1.7Fe11.6Al1.3Si0.1 (1198 K, 36 h) and La1.7Fe11.6Al1Si0.4 (1248 K, 36 h) specimens, respectively. d-f Corresponding magnetic entropy change

Fig. 5 Relative cooling power (RCP) for an applied magnetic field of 0-2 T a and ${{\delta{T}}}_{\mathbf{F}\mathbf{W}\mathbf{H}\mathbf{M}}$ of all three specimens b

Fig. 6 Sketch map of the influence of thermal expansion, which causes internal stress, on cyclic use for multi-phase LaFe13-xMx(M = Si, Al) alloys when a thermal-induced phase transition occurs a. Temperature-dependent thermal expansion of annealed La1.7Fe11.6Al1.4 (1248 K, 36 h), La1.7Fe11.6Al1.3Si0.1 (1198 K, 36 h) and La1.7Fe11.6Al1Si0.4 (1248 K, 36 h) specimens b

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Reduced Annealing Time and Enhanced Magnetocaloric Effect of La(Fe, Al)₁₃ Alloy by La-nonstoichiometry and Si-doping

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