Selective Laser Melting of 30CrMnSiA Steel: Laser Energy Density Dependence of Microstructural and Mechanical Properties

doi:10.1007/s40195-018-0717-5

Abstract

Abstract:

Three-dimensional parts of the 30CrMnSiA steel were successfully fabricated using selective laser melting (SLM). The microstructures and mechanical properties of the SLM-processed 30CrMnSiA samples were investigated by scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscopy. The results indicate that the microstructures of the 30CrMnSiA samples consist mainly of lath martensite and acicular martensite. The value of the surface roughness decreases with increasing laser energy density (LED) before it reaches a minimum and then increases with further increasing LED. The relative density, microhardness and ultimate tensile strength of the SLM-processed samples initially increase and then decrease with increasing LED. By taking the relative density, surface roughness, microhardness and ultimate tensile strength into account, the optimized LED should be in the range of 46.15-51.28 J mm^-3 for the SLM-processed 30CrMnSiA alloys. In addition, the differences in the microstructures and mechanical properties between the conventionally wrought 30CrMnSiA sample and SLM-processed 30CrMnSiA samples were also studied.

Key words: 30CrMnSiA, Selective laser melting, Laser energy density, Microstructure, Mechanical properties

Lin-Zhi Wang, Wen-Hou Wei. Selective Laser Melting of 30CrMnSiA Steel: Laser Energy Density Dependence of Microstructural and Mechanical Properties[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2018, 31(8): 807-814.

Figures/Tables 9

Table 1 Chemical composition of the 30CrMnSiA powder in this work

Element	C	Si	Mn	Cr	Ni	Co	Mo	Cu	Fe
Composition (wt%)	0.25	1.05	0.9	3.74	1.99	0.058	0.48	0.02	Balance

Fig. 1 a Morphologies, b flow properties of the spherical 30CrMnSiA powder

Table 2 Laser power, exposure time and LEDs used in the SLM-processed 30CrMnSiA samples

Laser power (W)	Exposure time (μs)	Laser energy density (J mm^-3)
170	130	43.59
180	130	46.15
190	130	48.72
200	130	51.28
200	160	63.12

Fig. 2 Microstructures of a the wrought 30CrMnSiA sample and the SLM-processed samples with different LEDs of b 43.59, c 46.15, d 48.72, e 51.28, f 63.12 J mm-3

Fig. 3 TEM images of a the wrought 30CrMnSiA sample, b the SLM-processed sample with an LED of 46.15 J mm-3. The insets present corresponding diffraction patterns in the white rectangles

Fig. 4 ICT images of the 30CrMnSiA samples, a cross section image map of a the wrought sample, b the SLM-processed sample with an LED of 46.15 J mm-3, the 3D image of cthe wrought sample, d the SLM-processed sample

Fig. 5 Surface roughness and relative density as functions of LED of the SLM-processed 30CrMnSiA samples

Fig. 6 Microhardness and ultimate tensile strength of the SLM-processed 30CrMnSiA samples at different LEDs

Fig. 7 Tensile fracture morphologies of a the wrought 30CrMnSiA sample and the SLM-processed samples with different LEDs of b 43.59, c 46.15, d 48.72, e 51.28, f63.12 J mm-3

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