Effect of Three-High Rotary Piercing Process on Microstructure, Texture and Mechanical Properties of Magnesium Alloy Seamless Tube

doi:10.1007/s40195-024-01690-4

Abstract

Abstract:

Mg alloy seamless tubes (MASTs) were prepared through three-high rotary piercing process, effect of billet temperature, feed angle and plug advance on microstructure, texture and mechanical properties of tubes were investigated. The effect on the deformation mechanism and improving mechanical properties mechanism of this process for MASTs were studied. The results show that the grain size could be refined to 11.3-31.1% of the initial grain size and the microstructure was more uniform due to the accumulation of strain. The formation of high strain gradient at the grain boundary activated the non-basal slip. This piercing process could change the grain orientation of as-extruded billet and eliminate the initial basal texture to produce new favorable texture. And the process could accelerate the continuous dynamic recrystallization process. After piercing, yield strength of pierced tubes decreased by 6.7%, ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and elongation increased by 32.4 and 45%, respectively, at optimal parameters. The plate-shaped β₁-Mg₁₇Al₁₂ orientation transformed from basal plates to prismatic plates, facilitating the increase in UTS and ductility. The decrease size of nanoscale precipitates could reduce the cracking possibility. The critical resolved shear stress ratios of pyramidal (10−11) slip and (11−22) slip to basal slip for the sample including prismatic plates both decreased compared to that including basal plates. This could enhance the ductility of tube sample. Moreover, grain boundary sliding could contribute to a better ductility via coordinating deformation and reducing stress concentration during piercing process.

Key words: Mg alloy tube, Rotary piercing, Microstructure, Texture, Mechanical properties

Xiaofeng Ding, Zehao Wu, Tong Li, Jianxun Chen, Yuanhua Shuang, Baosheng Liu. Effect of Three-High Rotary Piercing Process on Microstructure, Texture and Mechanical Properties of Magnesium Alloy Seamless Tube[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2024, 37(6): 953-968.

Figures/Tables 18

Fig. 1 Relative position of dies a main view, b left view, and c the division of deformation region

Table 1 AZ31 Mg alloy chemical compositions (wt%)

Al	Zn	Mn	Fe	Si	Cu	Ni	Mg
3.21	0.99	0.34	0.0021	0.017	0.0021	0.00061	Bal.

Table 2 Mg alloy experimental process parameters during TRPP

Parameter	Units	Value
α₁	°	2.5
D	mm	180
Roll length	mm	140
Plug diameter	mm	30
Roll rotational speed	r/min	170
Gorge	mm	35
A	mm	10-28
Billet piercing temperature	°C	300-450
α	°	7-9

Fig. 2 MASTs pierced at different process parameters: a 300 °C-9°-20 mm; b 400 °C-(8, 9)°-(15-25) mm; c 450 °C-9°-20 mm; d internal surface of tube at 400 °C-8°-20 mm

Fig. 3 Corresponding sample locations were used in this research

Fig. 4 a Microstructure and b grain size distribution of as-extruded billet

Fig. 5 Microstructures and corresponding grain size distribution of pierced tubes at 20 mm plug advance and 9° feed angle: a, d 300 °C, b, e 400 °C, c, f 450 °C

Fig. 6 Microstructures and grain size distribution of tube pierced at different process parameters: a, e 400 °C-7°-20 mm; b, f 400 °C-8°-20 mm; c, g 400 °C-9°-15 mm; d, h 400 °C-9°-25 mm

Fig. 7 IPF and misorientation angle distribution map of Mg alloy samples: a, e as-extruded; b, f 300 °C; c, g 400 °C; d, h 450 °C

Fig. 8 Polar figures of the samples: a as-extruded; b 300 °C; c 400 °C; d 450 °C

Fig. 9 ODF maps of samples at 450 °C

Fig. 10 a Tensile stress-strain curve and b mechanical properties

Fig. 11 Corresponding histogram of KAM value: a as-extruded; b 300 °C; c 400 °C; d 450 °C

Fig. 12 TEM micrographs and SAED pattern of Mg alloy: a-c I stage; d-f II stage; where a, b, d and e CDRX, c and f DDRX

Fig. 13 Bright-field TEM images: as-extruded sample viewed along a [0001]α and b [10−10]α, c pierced tube sample viewed along [10−10]α

Fig. 14 SF distribution of the as-extruded billet and tubes: a, e (0001) < 11−20 > basal slip; b, f (10−10) < 11−20 > prismatic slip; c, g (11−21) < 11−23 > pyramidal slip; d, h (11−22) < 11−23 > pyramidal slip

Table 3 Calculated results of Δτ and τ of basal and pyramidal slip according to the developed Orowan equations in HCP structure

Precipitate orientation	Basal slip		(10−11) Pyramidal slip		(11−22) Pyramidal slip		τ_py1/τ_basal	τ_py2/τ_basal
Precipitate orientation	Δτ (MPa)	τ (MPa)	Δτ (MPa)	τ (MPa)	Δτ (MPa)	τ (MPa)	τ_py1/τ_basal	τ_py2/τ_basal
Basal plates	24.1	29.1	34	154	31.7	151.7	5.29	5.21
Prismatic plates	34.3	39.3	28.9	148.9	55.4	175.4	3.79	4.46

Fig. 15 SEM images of fracture morphologies: a as-extruded billet; b tube

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