Hot Deformation Behaviors in Ti-6Al-4V/(TiB+TiC) Composites

doi:10.1007/s40195-021-01221-5

Abstract

Abstract:

Thermal compression testing was investigated using the Gleeble 3800 thermal simulator, and thermal deformation behavior of particle-reinforced titanium matrix composites (TMCs) was studied under deformation temperatures of 750-900 °C, strain rates of 0.001-1 s ^-1, and experimental deformation of 60%. According to obtained flow stress curves, the hot deformation characteristics were analyzed. Based on the Arrhenius hyperbolic sinusoidal model, the constitutive equation at high temperature was established. Based on the theory of dynamic material models, a hot processing map of TMCs at high temperature was established, and the peak region of power dissipation rate and the instability region in the hot processing map were both determined. At the same time, the corresponding microstructures in the peak power dissipation rate and rheological instability regions were observed. The results showed that flow stress decreased with increasing deformation temperature and increased with increasing strain rate. The thermal deformation activation energy of titanium matrix composites was 301.8 kJ/mol. The Ti-6Al-4V/(TiB + TiC) composites possessed only one instability zone under high-temperature compression at a strain of 0.5, with corresponding temperatures at 750-840 °C and strain rates at 0.1-1 s ^-1. The optimal thermal deformation parameters included corresponding temperatures of 830-880 °C and strain rates of 0.001-0.05 s ^-1. The microstructures corresponding to optimal hot working parameters in processing maps were more homogeneous than the microstructures in the instability zone, including the distribution uniformity of reinforcement and the degree of dynamic recrystallization, and no instability phenomena including abnormal grain growth, microcracks or intensive fracture of reinforcements were found, indicating that the hot processing map had a positive guiding effect on the option of desirable material thermal-working parameters.

Key words: Ti-6Al-4V/(TiC + TiB) composites, Hot deformation, Flow stress behavior, Processing map

Xuejian Lin, Hongjun Huang, Fuyu Dong, Yue Zhang, Xiaoguang Yuan, Bowen Zheng, Xiaojiao Zuo. Hot Deformation Behaviors in Ti-6Al-4V/(TiB+TiC) Composites[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2021, 34(12): 1747-1757.

Figures/Tables 15

Table 1 Composition of TC4 alloy (wt%)

Al	Fe	V	C	N	O	H	Ti
6.2	0.19	4.3	0.02	0.01	0.18	0.002	89.1

Fig. 1 Microstructure of as-cast TMCs

Fig. 2 True stress-strain curves of TMCs under different conditions: a 0.001 s-1, b 0.01 s-1, c 0.1 s-1, and d 1 s-1

Table 2 Peak stress (MPa) of TMCs under different conditions

T (°C)	\(\dot{\varepsilon }\)
T (°C)	0.001 s^-1	0.01 s^-1	0.1 s^-1	1 s^-1
750	286.3	501.2	623.8	784.3
800	218.2	381.8	495.1	662.8
850	197.3	309.6	435.4	585.4
900	120.1	263.2	340.9	449.1

Fig. 3 Relationship between flow stress and strain rates: a ln \(\sigma - {\text{ln}}\dot{\varepsilon }\), b \(\sigma - {\text{ln}}\dot{\varepsilon }\)

Fig. 4 Relationships of ln[sinh(ασ)]-ln \(\dot{\varepsilon }\) (a) and ln[sinh(ασ)]-T-1 (b)

Fig. 5 Relationship between σ and Z

Table 3 Deformation parameters of hot deformation constitutive equations for the TMCs

n₁	β	Α (MPa^-1)	Q (kJ/mol)	lnA	n
7.131	0.01733	0.00243	301.8	28.63	5.3179

Table 4 Stresses used to construct the processing map (at a strain of 0.5)

T (°C)	\(\dot{\varepsilon }\)
T (°C)	0.001 s^-1	0.01 s^-1	0.1 s^-1	1 s^-1
750	198.8	308.3	418.1	561.7
800	161.3	279.9	312.9	460.6
850	102.4	229.4	239.3	377.1
900	78.1	162.5	192.6	289.4

Fig. 6 Power dissipation diagram of TMCs at a strain of 0.5

Fig. 7 Processing map of TMCs

Fig. 8 Macroscopic morphology of different processing map regions of TMCs

Fig. 9 SEM images of compressed TMCs deformed at different conditions: a, b 750 °C/1 s-1, c, d 850 °C/0.01 s-1

Fig. 10 IPF maps of the TMCs deformed at 1100 °C at different conditions: a, c 750 °C/1 s-1, b, d 850 °C/0.01 s-1

Fig. 11 EBSD analysis of the TMCs deformed at 750 °C /1 s-1 and 850 °C /0.01 s-1: a, b GB maps, c, d recrystallization maps, e, f KAM maps

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