Preternatural Hexagonal High-Entropy Alloys: A Review

doi:10.1007/s40195-020-01045-9

Abstract

Abstract:

Recently, various topics on high-entropy alloys have been reported and great amounts of excellent properties have been investigated, including high strength, great corrosion resistance, great thermal stability, good fatigue and fracture properties, etc. Among all these research activities, high-entropy alloys tend to form face-centered-cubic (FCC) or body-centered-cubic (BCC) solid solutions due to their high-entropy stabilization effect, while the hexagonal structures are rarely reported. Up to now, the reported hexagonal high-entropy alloys are mainly composed of rare-earth elements and transitional elements. Their phase transformation and magnetic properties have also aroused wide concern. This study summarizes the above results and provides the forecast to the future.

Key words: High-entropy alloys, Hexagonal close-packed structure, Phase formation rules, Rare-earth elements, Multiple-based-element (MBE) alloys

Rui-Xuan Li, Jun-Wei Qiao, Peter K. Liaw, Yong Zhang. Preternatural Hexagonal High-Entropy Alloys: A Review[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2020, 33(8): 1033-1045.

Figures/Tables 13

References 72

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Alloy	Structure
FeCoNi_1.5Cr_0.5Al	BCC	70 kOe	0.674	242.6	[50]
Fe_26.7Ni_26.7Ga_15.6Mn20Si₁₁	BCC	2 T	1.59	75.86	[51]
Fe₂₅Co₂₅Ni₂₅Mo₅P₁₀B₁₀	BMG	5 T	1.88	310.2	[52]
Gd₂₀Ho₂₀Er₂₀Al₂₀Co₂₀	BMG	5 T	10.2	625	[53]
Gd₂₀Tb₂₀Dy₂₀Al₂₀Co₂₀	BMG	5 T	9.43	632	[54]
Gd₂₅Ho₂₅Co₂₅Al₂₅	BMG	5 T	9.78	626	[55]
Dy₂₀Er₂₀Gd₂₀Ho₂₀Tb₂₀	HCP	5 T	8.6	627	[49]

Alloy	Structure
FeCoNi_1.5Cr_0.5Al	BCC	70 kOe	0.674	242.6	[50]
Fe_26.7Ni_26.7Ga_15.6Mn20Si₁₁	BCC	2 T	1.59	75.86	[51]
Fe₂₅Co₂₅Ni₂₅Mo₅P₁₀B₁₀	BMG	5 T	1.88	310.2	[52]
Gd₂₀Ho₂₀Er₂₀Al₂₀Co₂₀	BMG	5 T	10.2	625	[53]
Gd₂₀Tb₂₀Dy₂₀Al₂₀Co₂₀	BMG	5 T	9.43	632	[54]
Gd₂₅Ho₂₅Co₂₅Al₂₅	BMG	5 T	9.78	626	[55]
Dy₂₀Er₂₀Gd₂₀Ho₂₀Tb₂₀	HCP	5 T	8.6	627	[49]

Alloy	Melting point (°C)	Density (g/cm³)	Structure	Phase stable condition	References
Ir₂₆Mo₂₀Rh_22.5Ru₂₀W_11.5	2459	15.37	HCP	Annealing at 2373 K for 1 h	[56]
Ir_25.5Mo₂₀Rh₂₀Ru₂₅W_9.5	2444	15.18	HCP	Annealing at 2373 K for 1 h	[56]
Ir_29.0678Mo₁₅Rh_29.0678Ru_11.8644W₁₅	2463	16.07	HCP	Annealing at 1273 K for 2000 h	[57]
Hf₂₅Nb₂₅Ti₂₅Zr₂₅	2039	8.4	BCC	Annealing at 1573 K for 6 h	[58]
Nb₂₅Mo₂₅Ta₂₅W₂₅	2904	13.64	BCC	Annealing at 1673 K for 19 h	[11]
Nb₂₀Mo₂₀Ta₂₀W₂₀V₂₀	2673	12.36	BCC	Annealing at 1673 K for 19 h	[11]
Ti₂₀Zr₂₀Hf₂₀Nb₂₀Ta₂₀	2231	9.94	BCC	HIPing at 1473 K, 207 MPa for 3 h	[14]
Mo₂₀Nb₂₀Ta₂₀Ti₂₀V₂₀	2341	9.27	BCC	Stable at 516-2162 °C by CALPHAD	[59]

Alloy	Melting point (°C)	Density (g/cm³)	Structure	Phase stable condition	References
Ir₂₆Mo₂₀Rh_22.5Ru₂₀W_11.5	2459	15.37	HCP	Annealing at 2373 K for 1 h	[56]
Ir_25.5Mo₂₀Rh₂₀Ru₂₅W_9.5	2444	15.18	HCP	Annealing at 2373 K for 1 h	[56]
Ir_29.0678Mo₁₅Rh_29.0678Ru_11.8644W₁₅	2463	16.07	HCP	Annealing at 1273 K for 2000 h	[57]
Hf₂₅Nb₂₅Ti₂₅Zr₂₅	2039	8.4	BCC	Annealing at 1573 K for 6 h	[58]
Nb₂₅Mo₂₅Ta₂₅W₂₅	2904	13.64	BCC	Annealing at 1673 K for 19 h	[11]
Nb₂₀Mo₂₀Ta₂₀W₂₀V₂₀	2673	12.36	BCC	Annealing at 1673 K for 19 h	[11]
Ti₂₀Zr₂₀Hf₂₀Nb₂₀Ta₂₀	2231	9.94	BCC	HIPing at 1473 K, 207 MPa for 3 h	[14]
Mo₂₀Nb₂₀Ta₂₀Ti₂₀V₂₀	2341	9.27	BCC	Stable at 516-2162 °C by CALPHAD	[59]

Slip direction	Slip plane	Slip system	Independent slip number
a	Basal	0001 〈11$\overline{2}$0〉	2
	Prismatic	1$\overline{1}$00 〈11$\overline{2}$0〉	2
	Pyramidal	1$\overline{1}$01〈11$\overline{2}$0〉	4
c	Prismatic	hki0 [0001]
c + a	Pyramidal	hkil〈11$\overline{2}$3〉	5