Detwinning and Anneal-Hardening Behaviors of Pre-Twinned AZ31 Alloys under Cryogenic Loading

doi:10.1007/s40195-024-01744-7

Abstract

Abstract:

Detwinning behavior of a pre-twinned magnesium alloy AZ31 at cryogenic temperature was investigated, also with a focus on the annealing hardening behavior of samples with different fractions of pre-twins. Pre-compression along the transverse direction with strains of 1.7%, 3.0%, and 6.0% was applied to generated $\left\{ {10\overline{1}2} \right\}$ twins. Mechanical behavior, microstructure, and texture evolution during subsequent tension were examined. Our results show that low temperature did not change the fact that detwinning still pre-dominated in the pre-twinned samples under reverse loading. However, a relatively harder migration of twin boundaries was found at cryogenic temperature. An annealing hardening of 27-40 MPa was observed in the pre-twinned samples, and such a hardening effect shows a close relation with the fraction of pre-twins or the level of pre-strains. The annealing hardening effect disappeared if the matrix was consumed by twins along with the increased pre-compression strains. The corresponding reasons for the annealing hardening behavior were discussed.

Key words: Mg alloys, Detwinning, Annealing hardening, Cryogenic temperature, Mechanical property

Lingyu Zhao, Wei Zhu, Chao Zhang, Yunchang Xin, Changjian Yan, Yao Cheng, Zhaoyang Jin. Detwinning and Anneal-Hardening Behaviors of Pre-Twinned AZ31 Alloys under Cryogenic Loading[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2024, 37(9): 1551-1563.

Figures/Tables 17

Fig. 1 Inverse pole figure of the as-homogenized Mg-3Al-1Zn alloys

Table 1 Designations of pre-strained, pre-strained and annealed samples

Samples	Processing condition
C1	TD compression of 1.7%
C1-annealed	TD compression of 1.7%+annealing at 470 °C for 20 h
C2	TD compression of 3%
C2-annealed	TD compression of 3%+annealing at 475 °C for 3 h
C3	TD compression of 6%
C3-annealed	TD compression of 6%+annealing at 475 °C for 8 h

Fig. 2 Optical microstructures of the TD pre-strained sample: a sample C1, b sample C2, c sample C3

Fig. 3 Optical microstructures of the pre-strained and annealed samples: a sample C1-annealed, b sample C2-annealed, c sample C3-annealed

Fig. 4 Inverse pole figure maps of sample after TD compression to different strains: a sample C1, b sample C2, c sample C3

Fig. 5 Inverse pole figure maps of the pre-strained and annealed samples: a C1-annealed, b C2-annealed, c C3-annealed

Fig. 6 True stress-strain curves of pre-strained samples, pre-strained and annealed samples under TD tension at 77 K: a samples C1 and C1-annealed, b samples C2 and C2-annealed, c samples C3 and C3-annealed

Table 2 Mechanical properties of pre-compressed and annealed samples

Samples	Yield stress, YS (MPa)	Ultimate stress, UTS (MPa)	Elongation, E (%)
C1	61±2.0	495±4.0	8.0±1.0
C1-annealed	101±3.0	384±4.0	6.0±1.0
C2	91±1.0	462±3.0	7.0±1.0
C2-annealed	118±2.0	379±2.5	7.0±2.0
C3	109±2.5	509±5.0	10.0±2.0
C3-annealed	66±1.0	448±3.5	13.0±2.0

Fig. 7 Strain hardening rate curves of the pre-strained, pre-strained and annealed samples under tension along the TD at cryogenic temperature: a sample C1/C2/C3, b sample C1/C2/C3-annealed

Fig. 8 EBSD maps of samples C1, C2, and C3 after tension along the TD to certain strains: a sample C1 tension to strain of 1.5%, b sample C1 tension to strain of 4.0%, c sample C2 tension to strain of 3.0%, d sample C2 tension to strain of 6.5%, e sample C3 tension to strain of 0.5%

Fig. 9 Changes of twin area fraction of samples C1-3 and after applying the following tension along the TD to different strains

Fig. 10 Schmidt factor distribution of three pre-strained and annealed samples when tension along the TD

Fig. 11 Inverse pole figure maps of a C1-annealed, b C2-annealed, c C3-annealed samples after tension along the TD to different strains

Fig. 12 Low-angle boundary distribution and kernel average misorientation map of a-c sample C3 and d-f sample C3-annealed

Fig. 13 Texture evolution of pre-strained samples after tension to certain strains along the TD

Fig. 14 Texture evolution of pre-strained and annealed samples after tension to certain strains along the TD

Fig. 15 Volume fraction of two main textures: ND-texture and TD-texture before and after TD tension of a pre-strained samples and b pre-strained and annealed samples

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