Synthesis and Characterization of CdO-SnO2 Nanocomposites Prepared by Hydrothermal Method

doi:10.1007/s40195-017-0659-3

Abstract

Abstract:

In this work, (1-x)CdO-xSnO₂ nanocomposites (≤ 0.15) have been synthesized via hydrothermal route. The structural study reveals that CdO nanostructures possess crystalline phase and cubic structure. The CdO-SnO₂ nanocomposites possess both cubic and orthorhombic structure with good crystallinity. The crystallite size in the nanocomposites was found to be in the range of 9.6-19.6 nm. Field emission scanning electronic microscopy and high-resolution tunnelling microscopy analysis confirm the presence of both cubic and orthorhombic structures which is also confirmed from X-ray diffraction studies. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies confirm that CdO-SnO₂ nanocomposites possess the characteristics band of both CdO and SnO₂ nanostructures. The UV-visible absorption studies confirm that the optical absorption band in CdO-SnO₂ nanocomposites possesses both blue and red shift as compared to that of CdO nanostructures. Photoluminescence spectroscopy studies reveal the appearance of strong emission peak at 513, 469 and 369 nm corresponding to green, blue and violet emission spectrum, respectively, in CdO-SnO₂ nanocomposites. The FTIR studies confirm the presence of hydroxyl and water functional group due to atmospheric water vapours and chemical bonding in CdO and CdO-SnO₂ nanocomposites. Raman spectroscopy confirms the presence of Raman bands of both CdO and SnO₂ phases in the CdO-SnO₂ nanocomposites.

Key words: Hydrothermal, Nanocomposite, CdO-SnO₂, XRD, FESEM, HRTEM, Optical properties

Kapil Sirohi, Suresh Kumar, Virender Singh, Anil Vohra. Synthesis and Characterization of CdO-SnO₂ Nanocomposites Prepared by Hydrothermal Method[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2018, 31(3): 254-262.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig. 1 XRD patterns of (1-x)CdO-xSnO2 nanocomposites for x = 0 a, x = 0.05 b, x = 0.10 c, x = 0.15 d

Fig. 2 FESEM images of (1-x)CdO-xSnO2 nanocomposites for x = 0 a, x = 0.05 b, x = 0.10 c, x = 0.15 d

Fig. 3 EDS spectra of (1-x)CdO-xSnO2 nanocomposites for x = 0 a, x = 0.05 b, x = 0.10 c, x = 0.15 d

Table 1 Quantitative analysis of (1-x)CdO-xSnO2 nanocomposites for x = 0, 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15

Sample	Weight percentage of element (%)			Atomic percentage of element (%)
Sample	Cd	Sn	O	Cd	Sn	O
x = 0	76.12	-	23.88	31.20	-	68.80
x = 0.05	77.72	4.90	17.38	38.02	2.27	59.71
x = 0.10	58.75	10.74	30.51	20.74	3.59	75.67
x = 0.15	60.49	16.50	23.01	25.44	6.57	67.99

Fig. 4 HRTEM images a, c and SAED patterns b, d of (1-x)CdO-xSnO2 nanocomposites for a, b x = 0, c, d x = 0.10

Fig. 5 FTIR spectra of (1-x)CdO-xSnO2 nanocomposites for x = 0 a, x = 0.05 b, x = 0.10 c, x = 0.15 d

Fig. 6 Normalized absorption spectra of (1-x)CdO-xSnO2 nanocomposites for x = 0 a, x = 0.05 b, x = 0.10 c, x = 0.15 d

Fig. 7 Touc’s plots of (1-x)CdO-xSnO2 nanocomposites for x = 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15

Table 2 Crystalline size and band gaps of (1-x)CdO-xSnO2 nanocomposites for x = 0, 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15

Sample	Crystalline size (nm)	Band gap (eV)
x = 0	9.6-13.1	2.21
x = 0.05	13.6-19.6	1.96
x = 0.10	11.5-13.3	2.80
x = 0.15	10.9-19.4	2.87

Fig. 8 PL spectra of (1-x)CdO-xSnO2 nanocomposites for x = 0 a, x = 0.05 b, x = 0.10 c, x = 0.15 d

Fig. 9 Raman spectra of (1-x)CdO-xSnO2 nanocomposites for x = 0 a, x = 0.05 b, x = 0.10 c, x = 0.15 d

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Synthesis and Characterization of CdO-SnO₂ Nanocomposites Prepared by Hydrothermal Method

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