Strengthening Mechanism and Microstructure of Deformable Ti Particles Reinforced AZ91 Composite

doi:10.1007/s40195-022-01428-0

Abstract

Abstract:

In this study, the deformable titanium (Ti) particles reinforced AZ91 composite was successfully prepared by powder metallurgy and subsequent extrusion. The mechanical properties and microstructural evolution of pure AZ91 and 5Ti/AZ91 composite were studied. The yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and elongation of 5Ti/AZ91 composite are measured to be 212 MPa, 323 MPa, and 10.1%, respectively. Microstructure analysis revealed that Ti particles are elongated along the extrusion direction, forming a discontinuous strip Ti particles, fine precipitated Mg₁₇Al₁₂ phase inhibits dynamic recrystallization (DRX) behavior through Zener pinning effect and hinders the growth of matrix grains, resulting in refiner grains of 5Ti/AZ91 composite. Heterogeneous deformed Ti particles and magnesium (Mg) matrix to generate additional heterogeneous deformation-induced (HDI) strengthening. Heterogeneous deformation-induced strengthening mainly contributed to the increment of yield strength for 5Ti/AZ91 composite.

Key words: Magnesium matrix composites, Ti particles, Recrystallization, Mechanical properties, Heterogeneous deformation

Biao Tang, Jian-Bo Li, Jun-Liu Ye, Huan Luo, Yi-Tao Wang, Bo Guan, Yang-Fan Lu, Xian-Hua Chen, Kai-Hong Zheng, Fu-Sheng Pan. Strengthening Mechanism and Microstructure of Deformable Ti Particles Reinforced AZ91 Composite[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2022, 35(12): 1935-1945.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig. 1 Sketch map of fabrication procedure of Ti/AZ91 composite

Fig. 2 XRD diagrams of as-extruded Ti/AZ91 composite

Fig. 3 Optical micrographs of as extruded a AZ91, b 5Ti/AZ91 composite

Fig. 4 SEM micrographs of as extruded a, c AZ91, b, d 5Ti/AZ91 composite

Fig. 5 Band contrast maps, KAM maps and DRX distribution maps of as extruded: a, c, e AZ91, b, d, f 5Ti/AZ91 composite

Fig. 6 a Tensile stress-strain curves, b tensile properties of as extruded AZ91 and 5Ti/AZ91 composite

Table 1 Mechanical properties of magnesium-based composite reinforced by different reinforcements

Composites	Processing method	Yield strength (MPa)	Ultimate tensile strength (MPa)	Elongation (%)	Ref.
5%Ti/AZ91	Hot press sintering + hot extrusion	212 ± 5	323 ± 5	10.1 ± 0.5	This work
10%Ti/Mg	Powder metallurgy + hot extrusion	118	158	1.5	[14]
3%Ti/Mg	Spark plasma sintering + Hot extrusion	192	251	8.9	[23]
20%Ti/Mg	Hot press sintering + hot extrusion	99	156	2.4	[24]
6%Ti/AZ31	Cold pressing + hot extrusion	255	304	6.9	[17]
5%Ti/AZ31	Vacuum hot pressing + hot extrusion	193	260	13.5	[15]

Fig. 7 Tensile fracture morphologies of as extruded a, b AZ91, c, d 5Ti/AZ91 composite

Table 2 Parameter values for calculating residual stress and the increased yield strength [15,17,22,30]

G (GPa)	b (nm)	ΔT (K)	Δα (°C⁻¹)	V_p	d_p (µm)	σ_m (MPa)	ʋ_m	E_m (GPa)	E_p (GPa)
17.3	0.321	603	26.1 × 10^-5	0.02	25	159	0.33	45	106

Fig. 8 Comparison between experimental and calculated YS of 5Ti/AZ91 composite

Fig. 9 HDI stress of Ti/AZ91 composite: a loading unloading-reloading stress-strain curves; b 2nd and 3rd cycles of hysteresis loop in high magnification view; c the 2nd measured hysteresis loop with σu and σr defined; d HDI stress of the two samples

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