In Situ Investigation of Si-Poisoning Effect in Al-Cu-Si Alloys Inoculated by Al-5Ti-1B

doi:10.1007/s40195-021-01301-6

Abstract

Abstract:

In situ synchrotron X-radiography was carried out on Al-13Cu and Al-13Cu-7Si alloys with and without addition of Al-5Ti-1B master alloy. The effects of Si content on grain growth and the solute-suppressed nucleation zone (SSNZ) were quantitatively studied. The average grain size can be refined to 164 μm of Al-13Cu alloy inoculated by Al-5Ti-1B. After addition of 7% Si content, a large number of TiB₂ sites in the melt lost the inoculating ability due to “Si poisoning.” The radius of the dendrite tip curvature of Al-13Cu is more than two times as large as that of Al-13Cu-7Si. The sharper tip is able to disperse the solute more effectively and thus grains can grow more rapidly. This causes that the dendrite arm growth rate with addition of 7% Si solute is about 2.6 times that of no Si addition. In addition, the solute enrichment in the SSNZ of Al-13Cu is faster, and the area change of SSNZ is slower than that of Al-13Cu-7Si. Thus more nucleation sites in the SSNZ cannot be activated with addition of Si. This study will shed light on the understanding of Si poisoning in casting Al-Cu-Si alloys.

Key words: Al-Si alloy, Dendrite tip, Si poisoning, X-ray radiography, Al-5Ti-1B

Yiwang Jia, Dongfu Song, Nan Zhou, Kaihong Zheng, Yanan Fu, Da Shu. In Situ Investigation of Si-Poisoning Effect in Al-Cu-Si Alloys Inoculated by Al-5Ti-1B[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2022, 35(1): 146-156.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig. 1 a Raw image; b after processing; c solute concentration map

Table 1 ICP and DSC results of four samples

	Cu (wt%)	Si (wt%)	Liquidus (°C)	DSC (°C)	Undercooling (°C)
Al13Cu	13.05	0	626.25	624.5	1.75
Al-13Cu + AlTiB	12.9	0	627.12	626.7	0.42
Al13Cu7Si	13.46	7.4	562.52	557.7	4.82
Al13Cu7Si + AlTiB	13.41	7.5	563.13	561	2.13

Fig. 2 DSC results of the four samples: a Al-13Cu; b Al-13Cu-7Si

Fig. 3 Time sequences of in situ X-radiography experiments of four alloys: a Al-13Cu, b Al-13Cu?+?Al5Ti1B; c Al-13Cu-7Si; d Al-13Cu-7Si?+?Al5Ti1B

Fig. 4 a An area 975 μm?×?975 μm containing a grain; b binary mask to distinguish the grain; c binary mask to distinguish the SSNZ; d three regions of melt, SSNZ and grain

Fig. 5 Time evolution of the equiaxed grain envelopes: a Al-13Cu; b Al-13Cu-7Si

Fig. 6 a Length of dendrite arm along X and Y direction as a function of time; b change of maximum Cu concentration in SSNZ with time; c area change of grain and SSNZ with time

Fig. 7 Cu concentration in the SSNZ: a Al-13Cu; b Al-13Cu-7Si

Fig. 8 Time evolution of the grain and SSNZ: a Al-13Cu; b Al-13Cu-7Si

Fig. 9 Equaixed dendrite arms: a Al–13Cu; b Al–13Cu–7Si

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