Comparative Study on Characteristics and Cytotoxicity of Bifunctional Magnetic-Silver Nanostructures: Synthesized Using Three Different Reducing Agents

doi:10.1007/s40195-016-0399-9

Abstract

Abstract:

Magnetic-silver nanostructures were synthesized via optimized chemical conditions, and their characteristics and cytotoxicity were compared as candidates for the magnetic delivery of silver nanoparticles toward cancer cells. Magnetic-silver nanostructures were prepared through the reduction of silver ions in the presence of iron oxide nanoparticles using three different reducing agents (glucose, maltose and sodium citrate). Their physicochemical characteristics were determined using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction analysis, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, atomic absorption spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry and differential scanning calorimetry. Cytotoxic activities were evaluated against a human liver hepatocellular carcinoma cell line. Fabricated nanostructures, which exhibit differences in size, silver content, magnetic saturation value and cytotoxicity, represent sufficient superparamagnetic properties and considerable cytotoxicity to be suggested as effective tools in magnetic targeting of silver nanoparticles as an approach to cancer therapy.

Key words: Bifunctional, nanostructure, Magnetic-silver, nanostructure, Silver, nanoparticle, Cytotoxicity, Reducing, agent

Narjes Ebrahimi, Sara Rasoul-Amini, Alireza Ebrahiminezhad, Younes Ghasemi, Ahmad Gholami, Hassan Seradj. Comparative Study on Characteristics and Cytotoxicity of Bifunctional Magnetic-Silver Nanostructures: Synthesized Using Three Different Reducing Agents[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2016, 29(4): 326-334.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig. 1 UV-Vis absorption spectra of Fe3O4-AgNC (C), Fe3O4-AgNG (G), Fe3O4-AgNM (M) and Fe3O4 (F). The appearance of an absorption peak in the wave length range of 400-440 nm, due to the surface plasmon resonance of silver, is observed for C, G and M compared with F

Fig. 2 XRD patterns of Fe3O4-AgNC (C), Fe3O4-AgNG (G), Fe3O4-AgNM (M) and Fe3O4 (F). The diffraction peaks of both silver and Fe3O4 are observed in C, G and M compared with F (measured withλ = 0.15406 nm)

Fig. 3 TEM images and corresponding SAED patterns of Fe3O4-AgNC (C), Fe3O4-AgNG (G), Fe3O4-AgNM (M) and Fe3O4 (F); compared SAED patterns of Fe3O4-AgNG and Fe3O4 (G-F); DLS analysis of Fe3O4-AgNG(D)

Fig. 4 FTIR spectra of Fe3O4-AgNC (C), Fe3O4-AgNG (G), Fe3O4-AgNM (M) and Fe3O4 (F) (applying KBr pellets)

Fig. 5 Saturation magnetization curves of Fe3O4-AgNC (C), Fe3O4-AgNG (G), Fe3O4-AgNM (M) and Fe3O4 (F) (measured at room temperature) and magnetic field applied to attract Fe3O4-AgNs

Fig. 6 DSC curves of Fe3O4-AgNC (C), Fe3O4-AgNG (G), Fe3O4-AgNM (M) and Fe3O4 (F) (Al2O3 as standard)

Table 1 Comparative characteristics (M s value, particle size and silver content) and cytotoxicity of the synthesized Fe3O4-AgNs (calculated EC50)

Synthesized nanostructures	M _s(emu/g)	Particle size (nm)	Silver content (%, w/w)	Calculated EC₅₀(μg/mL)
Fe₃O₄-AgN_G	38.23	32	33.33	25
Fe₃O₄-AgN_C	38.43	54	31.5	31.84
Fe₃O₄-AgN_M	44.07	23	26.36	50.89
Fe₃O₄	60.05	11	-	>100

Fig. 7 Cytotoxic activity of Fe3O4-AgNC (C), Fe3O4-AgNG (G), Fe3O4-AgNM (M) and Fe3O4 (F). The percent of HepG2 cell viability exposed to the synthesized Fe3O4-AgNs at the concentrations of (1, 10, 25, 50, 75, 100 μg/mL) for 48 h, compared with control, according to MTT assay. All data are presented as mean ± SD (standard deviation) (number of experiments = 3). Asterisks (*) represent the statistically significant difference compared with Fe3O4

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