Fig. 1 Irradiation damage regions of the displacement per atom (dpa) and Au3+ concentration profiles produced by 6 MeV Au3+ with dose of 6.42 × 1014 ions/cm2

Fig. 2 a SEM image, b TEM image of unirradiated sample

Fig. 3 Bright-field (BF) TEM images of post-irradiated sample before annealing showing the distribution of defects

Fig. 4 Enlarged BF TEM images and corresponding DF TEM images at their peak damage regions showing the characteristics of dislocation loops: a sample before annealing; b-e samples after annealing at 200, 350, 500, 650 °C

Fig. 5 BF TEM images of irradiated sample after annealing at a 750, b 850 °C

Fig. 6 EDS mapping showing the enrichment of Mo and Cr atoms, but depletion of Fe and Ni atoms in precipitates

Fig. 7 a Size distribution of dislocation loops at peak damage regions in the irradiated samples before and after annealing. b Mean size and number density of dislocation loops at the peak damage regions in the irradiated samples before and after annealing

Fig. 8 Average nanohardness a, b curves of $H^{2} - {1}/{h}$ of the investigated samples

Fig. 9 Average nanohardness versus annealed temperatures for the investigated samples

Fig. 10 Comparison of experimental hardness obtained by nanoindentation and calculated yield stress