Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Behavior of Multi-Microalloying Mg Alloys Prepared by Adding AlCoCrFeNi Alloy

doi:10.1007/s40195-021-01368-1

Abstract

Abstract:

In this work, a series of multi-microalloying Mg alloys with a high degradation rate and high strength was prepared by adding AlCoCrFeNi HEA particles to the Mg melt followed by hot extrusion. The microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of the alloys were studied, meanwhile, the corrosion properties were evaluated by immersion weight loss and electrochemical tests. Results indicated that HEA particles in the Mg melt were decomposed and formed the Ni-rich phase, which was distributed uniformly in the Mg matrix. Compared with the pure Mg matrix, the Mg-3 HEA alloy exhibited excellent mechanical properties of the ultimate tensile strength ~ 237 MPa and tensile yield strength ~ 181 MPa, an increased rate of ~ 49.1 and ~ 96.7%, respectively, without sacrificing the elongation. And the ultimate compressive strength (UCS) and compressive yield strength increased by ~ 31.5 and ~ 43% to 392 ± 3 and 103 ± 2 MPa, respectively. Based on theoretical analysis, the high YS of the alloys was mainly attributed to fine-grain strengthening and second phase strengthening. Besides, based on the study of corrosion behavior, it was found that with the increase in HEA particle content, the degradation rate of the composites increased because of the promotion of micro-galvanic corrosion, and the Mg-3 HEA alloy showed a maximum degradation rate of ~ 25.2 mg cm^-2 h^-1.

Key words: AlCoCrFeNi HEA, Pure Mg, Mechanical properties, Corrosion behavior

Xiong Zhou, Qichi Le, Chenglu Hu, Ruizhen Guo, Tong Wang, Chunming Liu, Dandan Li, Xiaoqiang Li. Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Behavior of Multi-Microalloying Mg Alloys Prepared by Adding AlCoCrFeNi Alloy[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2022, 35(8): 1301-1316.

Figures/Tables 18

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of material preparation process

Table 1 Chemical composition of the as-cast Mg-x HEA (x?=?0, 1, 3) alloys (wt%)

Code of alloys	Al	Co	Cr	Fe	Ni	Mg
Pure Mg	0.013	0.0002	0.0003	0.0023	0.0004	Bal.
Mg-1 HEA	0.045	0.083	0.042	0.063	0.2	Bal.
Mg-3 HEA	0.05	0.095	0.018	0.15	0.51	Bal.

Fig. 2 a XRD pattern of the HEA ingot, b SEM image of the HEA powder, c, d EDS spectra of the corresponding areas in Fig. 2b (red and blue arrows)

Fig. 3 OM images and corresponding grain size distribution maps (Ave. represents the average grain size) of the extruded Mg-x HEA alloys: a, d x?=?0, b, e x?=?1, c, f x?=?3

Fig. 4 XRD patterns of the extruded Mg-x HEA (x?=?0, 1, 3) alloys

Fig. 5 SEM micrographs and EDS analysis of the extruded alloys: a pure Mg, b Mg-1 HEA, c Mg-3 HEA, d, e corresponding to the EDS spectra of Point A and Point B in b, c, respectively, f Magnification morphology of c and elemental mappings are shown

Fig. 6 EPMA analysis of the extruded Mg-3 HEA alloy

Fig. 7 EBSD maps, misorientation angle distribution maps and pole figures of the extruded alloys: a, d, g Pure Mg, b, e, h Mg-1 HEA, c, f, i Mg-3 HEA

Fig. 8 Recrystallization statistics of the extruded alloys: a, d Pure Mg, b, e Mg-1 HEA c, f Mg-3 HEA

Fig. 9 Tensile a and compressive b engineering stress-strain curves of extruded Mg-x HEA (x?=?0, 1, 3) alloys

Table 2 Tensile and compressive properties of extruded Mg-x HEA (x?=?0, 1, 3) alloys

Alloy	Tensile			Compressive
Alloy	TYS (MPa)	UTS (MPa)	Fracture strain (δ)	CYS (MPa)	UCS (MPa)	Fracture strain (δ)
Pure Mg	93 ± 2	159 ± 4	14.1 ± 1	72 ± 2	298 ± 5	17.5 ± 0.3
Mg-1HEA	165 ± 5	217 ± 7	14.7 ± 1.3	89 ± 9	363 ± 10	15.5 ± 1.2
Mg-3HEA	183 ± 4	237 ± 3	13.9 ± 1.1	103 ± 2	392 ± 3	14.6 ± 0.9

Fig. 10 Weight loss rates a and corrosion morphologies b of the extruded Mg-x HEA (x?=?0, 1, 3) alloys

Fig. 11 Potentiodynamic polarization curves of Mg-x HEA (x?=?0, 1, 3) alloys after immersion in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution for 10 min

Table 3 Corrosion potential ($E_{{{\rm{corr}}}}$) and self-corrosion current density ($i_{{{\rm{corr}}}}$) obtained from polarization curves of Mg-x HEA (x?=?0, 1, 3) alloys in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution

Materials	$E_{{{\rm{corr}}}} ({\rm{V/SCE}})$	$i_{{{\rm{corr}}}} ({\rm{mA/cm}}^{{2}} )$	$P_{{\rm{w}}} ({\rm{mm/y}})$	$P_{{\rm{i}}} ({\rm{mm/y}})$
Pure Mg	- 1.704	0.02	12.6	0.46
Mg-1 HEA	- 1.403	5.75	766.1	131.39
Mg-3 HEA	- 1.352	6.21	1270.1	141.90

Fig. 12 EIS plots of the experimental alloys in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution: a Nyquist plots; b, c Bode plots of impedance modulus vs. frequency and phase angle vs. frequency, respectively

Fig. 13 Equivalent circuit obtained by fitting the EIS: a pure Mg, b Mg-1 HEA and Mg-3 HEA alloys

Table 4 Equivalent circuit parameters obtained by fitting the EIS data

Alloys	R_S (Ω cm²)	R_t (Ω cm²)	CPE_dl (sⁿ Ω^-1 cm^-2)	n₁	R_f (Ω cm²)	CPE_f (sⁿ Ω^-1 cm^-2)	n₂	R_L (Ω cm²)	L (H cm²)	χ²
Pure Mg	4.04	5.86	2.04 × 10^-5	0.928	112.31	5.57 × 10^-5	0.953	-	-	6.477 × 10^-4
Mg-1 HEA	4.20	3.45	24.82 × 10^-5	0.856	1.27	51.36 × 10^-5	0.832	22.93	37.3	4.275 × 10^-4
Mg-3 HEA	4.63	0.83	34.42 × 10^-5	0.823	1.18	77.94 × 10^-5	0.801	19.33	69.2	9.466 × 10^-5

Fig. 14 SEM morphologies of the extruded alloys after immersion in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution for 1, 5 and 10 min: a, d, g pure Mg, b, e, h Mg-1 HEA, c, f, i Mg-3 HEA, j Mg-1 HEA alloy without corrosion products, k Mg-3 HEA alloy without corrosion products, l EDS analysis of the corrosion products (Point A)

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