Effect of Interfacial Microstructure on Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Cu/WS2 Self-lubricating Composites Sintered by Spark Plasma Sintering

doi:10.1007/s40195-020-01187-w

Abstract

Abstract:

In this study, Cu/WS₂self-lubricating composites are fabricated by spark plasma sintering. Interfacial microstructure and its effect on mechanical and tribological properties are investigated. High sintering temperature at 850 °C promotes decomposition of WS₂ and its following interfacial reaction with Cu to form Cu_0.4W_0.6 nanoparticles and Cu₂S, enhancing mechanical properties as well as wear resistance of the composites. But the destruction of WS₂ leads to a high friction coefficient. On the contrary, for the composites sintered at 750 °C, a nanoscale diffusion zone forms at the Cu/WS₂ interface. WS₂ lubricant retains its lamellar structure. The composite shows excellent self-lubrication performance, with a low friction coefficient of 0.16. However, its mechanical properties are low, and the wear rate is one magnitude higher.

Key words: Self-lubricating composites, Interfacial microstructure, Wear, Fracture

Zhitao Yu, Minghui Chen, Qunchang Wang, Xiaolan Wang, Fuhui Wang. Effect of Interfacial Microstructure on Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Cu/WS₂ Self-lubricating Composites Sintered by Spark Plasma Sintering[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2021, 34(7): 913-924.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig. 1 XRD patterns of CW@750, CW@800 and CW@850 composites

Fig. 2 SEM images of the Cu/WS2 composites: a, b CW@750, c, dCW@800, e, f CW@850

Fig. 3 Relative density of the Cu/WS2 composite as a function of sintering temperature

Fig. 4 Microstructures and EPMA elements distribution of the Cu/WS2 composites: a CW@750, b CW@850

Table 1 EPMA quantitative compositional analysis (at%) at spots from I to IV in Fig. 4

Spot #	W	S	Cu
I	-	-	100
II	28.0	57.7	14.3
III	24.2	25.9	49.9
IV	0.1	33.5	66.4

Fig. 5 TEM images of Cu/WS2 composites: a bright-field image of the CW@750 composite, b HRTEM micrograph at zone “1” in (a), c bright-field image of the CW@850 composite, d HRTEM micrograph at zone “2” in (c)

Table 2 Mechanical properties of CW@750, CW@800 and CW@850 composites

Mechanical properties	CW@750	CW@800	CW@850
Micro-hardness (HV)	76.6	80.1	101.9
Bending strength (MPa)	209.0	213.7	292.5
Compression strength (MPa)	342.5	351.6	481.5

Fig. 6 Fracture surface morphologies of the Cu/WS2 composites: a CW@750, b CW@800, c CW@8503.3 Tribological Properties

Fig. 7 Tribological properties of the CW@750, CW@800 and CW@850 composites: a friction coefficient, b wear rate and average friction coefficient

Fig. 8 Wear surface morphologies of the Cu/WS2 composites: a CW@750, b CW@800, c CW@850

Fig. 9 Topography and cross-sectional morphologies of the composites at wear scar: a, c for CW@750, b, d for CW@850

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Effect of Interfacial Microstructure on Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Cu/WS₂ Self-lubricating Composites Sintered by Spark Plasma Sintering

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