Dispersion and Damage of Carbon Nanotubes in Carbon Nanotube/7055Al Composites During High-Energy Ball Milling Process

doi:10.1007/s40195-020-01138-5

Abstract

Abstract:

High-energy ball milling (HEBM) combined with powder metallurgy route was used to fabricate carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced 7055Al composites. Two powder morphology evolution processes (HEBM-1 and HEBM-2) were designed to investigate the dispersion and damage of CNTs during HEBM process. HEBM-1 evolution process involved powder flattening, cold-welding and fracture, while HEBM-2 evolution process consisted of powder flattening and fracture. For HEBM-1, the repetitive fracture and cold-welding process was effective for dispersing CNTs. However, the powder flattening process in HEBM-2 was unsuccessful in dispersing CNTs due to two reasons: (1) the thickness of flaky Al powders exceeded the critical value, and (2) the clustered CNTs embedded in flaky Al powders could not be unravelled. Because of the broadening of D band and the appearance of a new defect-related D’ band, product of I_D/I_G and full width half maximum of D band, rather than I_D/I_G, was used to evaluate the actual damage of CNTs. It indicates that the damage of CNTs was severe in powder flattening and fracture stages, while the damage of CNTs was small in powder cold-welding stage.

Key words: Metal matrix composites, Carbon nanotubes, Powder evolution, Dispersion and damage, Powder metallurgy

S. Bi, B. L. Xiao, Z. H. Ji, B. S. Liu, Z. Y. Liu, Z. Y. Ma. Dispersion and Damage of Carbon Nanotubes in Carbon Nanotube/7055Al Composites During High-Energy Ball Milling Process[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2021, 34(2): 196-204.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig. 1 Morphologies of as-received powders: a 7055Al powders and b CNTs

Fig. 2 SEM images of morphologies of HEBM-1 CNT/7055Al powders after milling for a 2 h, b 4 h and c 6 h, and HEBM-2 CNT/7055Al powders after milling for d 2 h, e 4 h, f 6 h. (The insets taken by OM show the thickness of the powders)

Fig. 3 a The maximum dimension and b thickness of HEBM-1 and HEBM-2 powders with milling time

Fig. 4 SEM images of CNT distributions in the HEBM-1 powders after milling for a 2 h, b 4 h and c 6 h, and in the HEBM-2 powders after milling for d 2 h, e 4 h, f 6 h. (CNTs are marked by yellow circles)

Fig. 5 TEM images of CNT distributions in CNT/7055Al composites fabricated from a HEBM-1 and b HEBM-2 powders milled for 6 h

Fig. 6 Raman spectra of a HEBM-1 and b HEBM-2 CNT/7055Al powders milled for different time

Fig. 7 Tensile curves of 1 vol.% CNT/7055Al composites and 7055Al fabricated from HEBM-1 and HEBM-2 powders

Fig. 8 Illustrations of CNT dispersion on Al powders during HEBM-1 and HEBM-2 evolution processes

Fig. 9 Variations in product of ID/IG and FWHM (D) with milling time during HEBM-1 and HEBM-2 evolution processes

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