Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

doi:10.1007/s40195-018-0829-y

Abstract

Abstract:

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel (LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature (CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm² compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr₂N and M₂₃C₆ along the ferrite-austenite grain boundaries.

Key words: Lean, duplex, stainless, steel, Aging, Pitting, corrosion, Impact, energy, Precipitates

Tian-Yi Sun, Yan-Jun Guo, Yi-Ming Jiang, Jin Li. Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2019, 32(6): 755-763.

Figures/Tables 8

Table 1 Chemical composition (wt%) of LDSS 2002

C	Si	Mn	P	S	Cr	Ni	Mo	Cu	N	Fe
0.031	0.32	3.45	0.01	0.004	20.53	2.08	0.31	0.34	0.17	Bal.

Fig. 1 Equilibrium mole fractions of phases in LDSS 2002 calculated by Thermo-Calc. a Equilibrium mole fractions of phases during 500-1500 °C, b equilibrium mole fractions of precipitates during 500-1100 °C

Fig. 2 Curves of current density to temperature for specimens aged at different temperatures for 10 min polarized at 250 mV (SCE) in 1 mol/L NaCl solution

Fig. 3 CPT and impact energy of LDSS 2002 aged at different temperatures for 10 min

Fig. 4 Optical micrographs of LDSS 2002 aged at different temperatures for 10 min (etching in 30 wt% KOH)

Fig. 5 Optical micrographs of LDSS 2002 aged at different temperatures for 10 min (etching in 10 wt% oxalic acid)

Fig. 6 TEM images of Cr2N and M23C6 of LDSS 2002 aged at 650 °C for 0.5 h. a A bright field image of Cr2N, b corresponding selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern of Cr2N, c a bright field image of M23C6, d corresponding SAED pattern of M23C6

Fig. 7 SEM micrographs of pit morphologies after CPT test on the surface of LDSS specimens aged at different temperatures for 10 min

References

[1]	R.N. Gunn, Duplex Stainless Steels: Microstructure, Properties and Applications (Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge, 1997)
[2]	J. Charles, Rev. Métall. Int. J. Metall. 105, 155(2008)
[3]	C.T. Sims, N.S. Stoloff, W.C. Hagel, Superalloys II (Wiley, New York, 1987)
[4]	J.O. Nilsson, Mater. Sci. Technol. 8, 685(1992)
[5]	M. Liljas, P. Johansson, H. Liu, C.A. Olsson, Steel Res.Int. 79, 466(2008)
[6]	H.M. Cobb, The History of Stainless Steel (ASM International, Materials Park, 2010)
[7]	I. Alvarez-Armas, Recent Pat. Mech. Eng. 1, 51(2008)
[8]	Y. Guo, J. Hu, Y. Jiang, J. Li, Int. J. Electrochem.Sci. 11, 4812(2016)
[9]	Y. Guo, J. Hu, J. Li, L. Jiang, T. Liu, Y. Wu, Materials 7, 6604 (2014)
[10]	Y. Guo, T. Sun, J. Hu, Y. Jiang, L. Jiang, J. Li, J. Alloys Compd. 658, 1031(2016)
[11]	G.F. Vander Voort, Atlas of Time-Temperature Diagrams for Irons and Steels (ASM international, Materials Park, 1991)
[12]	B. Deng, Z. Wang, Y. Jiang, T. Sun, J. Xu, J. Li, Corros. Sci. 51, 2969(2009)
[13]	L. Zhang, Y. Jiang, B. Deng, W. Zhang, J. Xu, J. Li, Mater. Charact. 60, 1522(2009)
[14]	W. Zhang, L. Jiang, J. Hu, H. Song, Mater. Charact. 60, 50(2009)
[15]	W. Xue, H. Song, ISIJ Int. 50, 286(2010)
[16]	W. Zheng, GB/T 229-2007: Translated English of Chinese Standard. (GBT 229-2007, GB/T229-2007, GBT229-2007): Metallic Materials—Charpy Pendulum Impact Test Method (2016)
[17]	L. Wegrelius, C. Sun, Standard Test Method for Electrochemical Critical Pitting Temperature Testing of Stainless Steels (ASTM International, Materials Park, 2010)
[18]	G.S. Frankel, L. Stockert, F. Hunkeler, H. Boehni, Corrosion 43, 429 (1987)
[19]	M.H. Moayed, R.C. Newman, Corros. Sci. 48, 1004(2006)
[20]	Y.S. Ahn, J.P. Kang, Mater. Sci. Technol. 16, 382(2000)
[21]	M. Yousefieh, M. Shamanian, A. Saatchi, J. Mater. Eng. Perform. 20, 1678(2011)
[22]	A. Eghlimi, M. Shamanian, K. Raeissi, Surf. Coat. Technol. 244, 45(2014)
[23]	T. Chen, J. Yang, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 338, 166 (2002)
[24]	G. Herbsleb, P. Schwaab, Werkst. Korros. 37, 24(1986)
[25]	H. Kokawa, M. Shimada, Y.S. Sato, JOM 52, 34 (2000)
[26]	H. Matsunaga, Y.S. Sato, H. Kokawa, T. Kuwana, Sci. Technol. Weld.Join. 3, 225(1998)
[27]	D. Sundararaman, P. Shankar, V.S. Raghunathan, Metall. Mater. Trans. A 27, 1175 (1996)
[28]	A.J. Ramirez, J.C. Lippold, S.D. Brandi, Metall. Mater. Trans. A 34, 1575 (2003)
[29]	J.Y. Maetz, T. Douillard, S. Cazottes, C. Verdu, X. Kléber, Micron 84, 43 (2016)
[30]	J. Li, G. Li, W. Liang, P. Han, H. Wang, J. Mater. Eng.Perform. 26, 4533(2017)
[31]	Z. Zhang, H. Zhao, H. Zhang, Z. Yu, J. Hu, L. He, J. Li, Corros. Sci. 93, 120(2015)
[32]	B.F. Weiss, R. Stickler, Metall. Trans. 3, 851(1972)
[33]	J.K. Sahu, Dissertation, University of Siegen, Germany, 2008
[34]	J.K. Sahu, U. Krupp, R.N. Ghosh, H.J. Christ, ater. Sci. Eng. A 508, 1 (2009)
[35]	P.J. Grobner, Metall. Trans. 4, 251(1973)
[36]	K. Weng, H. Chen, J. Yang, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 379, 119 (2004)
[37]	K. Chan, S. Tjong, Materials 7, 5268 (2014)
[38]	R. Badji, M. Bouabdallah, B. Bacroix, C. Kahloun, B. Belkessa, H. Maza, Mater. Charact. 59, 447(2008)
[39]	K. Guan, X. Xu, H. Xu, Z. Wang, Nucl. Eng. Des. 235, 2485(2005)
[40]	B. Deng, Z. Wang, Y. Jiang, H. Wang, J. Gao, J. Li, Electrochim. Acta 54, 2790 (2009)