Non-isothermal Crystallization Kinetics and Isothermal Crystallization Kinetics in Supercooled Liquid Region of Cu-Zr-Al-Y Bulk Metallic Glass

doi:10.1007/s40195-017-0625-0

Abstract

Abstract:

The crystallization kinetics of Cu₄₃Zr₄₈Al₉ and (Cu₄₃Zr₄₈Al₉)₉₈Y₂ bulk metallic glasses in non-isothermal and isothermal conditions was studied by differential scanning calorimetry. In the non-isothermal and isothermal modes, the average activation energy of (Cu₄₃Zr₄₈Al₉)₉₈Y₂ is larger than that of Cu₄₃Zr₄₈Al₉, meaning the higher stability against crystallization of (Cu₄₃Zr₄₈Al₉)₉₈Y₂. In addition, the average activation energies for Cu₄₃Zr₄₈Al₉ and (Cu₄₃Zr₄₈Al₉)₉₈Y₂ calculated using Arrhenius equation in isothermal mode are larger than the values calculated by Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose method in non-isothermal mode, indicating that the energy barrier is higher in isothermal mode. The Johnson-Mehl-Avrami model was used to analyze the crystallization kinetics in the non-isothermal and isothermal modes. The Avrami exponent n for Cu₄₃Zr₄₈Al₉ is above 2.5, indicating that the crystallization is mainly determined by a diffusion-controlled three-dimensional growth with an increasing nucleation rate, while the Avrami exponent n for (Cu₄₃Zr₄₈Al₉)₉₈Y₂ is in the range of 1.5-2.5 in the non-isothermal mode, implying that the crystallization is mainly governed by diffusion-controlled three-dimensional growth with decreasing nucleation rate. Finally, the Avrami exponents n for Cu₄₃Zr₄₈Al₉ and (Cu₄₃Zr₄₈Al₉)₉₈Y₂ are different in the non-isothermal and isothermal conditions, which imply different nucleation and growth behaviors during the crystallization processes.

Key words: Bulk metallic glass, Yttrium addition, Crystallization behavior, Activation energy

Ke Yang, Xin-Hui Fan, Bing Li, Yan-Hong Li, Xin Wang, Xuan-Xuan Xu. Non-isothermal Crystallization Kinetics and Isothermal Crystallization Kinetics in Supercooled Liquid Region of Cu-Zr-Al-Y Bulk Metallic Glass[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2018, 31(3): 290-298.

Figures/Tables 14

Fig. 1 XRD patterns of as-cast Cu43Zr48Al9 and (Cu43Zr48Al9)98Y2 BMGs a, TEM image of as-cast Cu43Zr48Al9 BMG b (The inset shows the corresponding SAED pattern)

Fig. 2 DSC curves of Cu43Zr48Al9 and (Cu43Zr48Al9)98Y2 BMGs at heating rate of 20 K/min

Fig. 3 DSC curves of Cu43Zr48Al9 a, (Cu43Zr48Al9)98Y2 b BMGs at various heating rates

Fig. 4 Plots of crystallization volume fraction α of Cu43Zr48Al9 a, (Cu43Zr48Al9)98Y2 b BMGs as a function of temperature at various heating rates

Fig. 5 KAS plots for different crystallization volume fractions α in Cu43Zr48Al9 a, (Cu43Zr48Al9)98Y2 b BMGs in non-isothermal condition

Fig. 6 Activation energy E a in Cu43Zr48Al9 and (Cu43Zr48Al9)98Y2 BMGs as a function of crystallization volume fraction α in non-isothermal condition

Fig. 7 Avrami plots of Cu43Zr48Al9 a, (Cu43Zr48Al9)98Y2 b BMGs at different heating rates

Table 1 Activation energy E a and Avrami exponent n in Cu43Zr48Al9 and (Cu43Zr48Al9)98Y2 BMGs in non-isothermal condition

Sample	Heating rate (K/min)	E _a (kJ/mol)	n
Cu₄₃Zr₄₈Al₉	10	241.0	3.37
	20	241.0	3.01
	30	241.0	2.66
	40	241.0	2.51
(Cu₄₃Zr₄₈Al₉)₉₈Y₂	10	296.3	3.03
	20	296.3	2.74
	30	296.3	2.16
	40	296.3	1.76

Fig. 8 Isothermal DSC curves of Cu43Zr48Al9 a, (Cu43Zr48Al9)98Y2 b BMGs at different annealing temperatures

Fig. 9 Crystallization volume fraction as a function of annealing time for Cu43Zr48Al9 a, (Cu43Zr48Al9)98Y2 b BMGs at various annealing temperatures

Fig. 10 Plots for activation energy determination in Cu43Zr48Al9 a, (Cu43Zr48Al9)98Y2 BMGs b

Fig. 11 Activation energy E a as a function of crystallization volume fraction α for Cu43Zr48Al9 and (Cu43Zr48Al9)98Y2 BMGs in isothermal mode

Fig. 12 Avrami plots of Cu43Zr48Al9 a, (Cu43Zr48Al9)98Y2 b BMGs at various annealing temperatures

Table 2 Avrami exponent n, reaction rate constant K and incubation time τ at different annealing temperatures for Cu43Zr48Al9 and (Cu43Zr48Al9)98Y2 BMGs

Sample	Annealing temperature (K)	n	τ (min)	K
Cu₄₃Zr₄₈Al₉	743	2.67	10.2	0.1329
	753	2.94	5.7	0.2003
	763	3.66	1.55	0.3770
	773	3.75	0.23	0.5749
(Cu₄₃Zr₄₈Al₉)₉₈Y₂	733	2.13	5.3	0.0442
	743	2.43	3.8	0.0691
	753	2.58	0.867	0.1357
	763	3.04	0.167	0.2489

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