Effect of Cerium on High-Temperature Oxidation Resistance of 00Cr17NbTi Ferritic Stainless Steel

doi:10.1007/s40195-014-0079-6

Abstract

Abstract:

The influence of cerium addition on the isothermal oxidation behavior of 00Cr17NbTi ferritic stainless steel was studied at temperature up to 1,000 °C for 100 h in air. The results show that cerium additions can reduce the grain size of this ferritic stainless steel, improve the diffusion of chromium and decrease the critical concentration of chromium to form protective Cr₂O₃ layer. With the increasing of cerium addition, the oxide particles become smaller and this can increase the rupture strength and spalling resistance of oxide layers. The transport mechanism through the oxide layer is varied from metal transport outward from steel to principally oxygen transport inward with the increase of cerium content, which leads to the lower oxidation rate and the better scale adherence of 00Cr17NbTi ferritic stainless steel.

Key words: Ferritic stainless steel, Oxidation, Cerium oxides, Cavity

Xin Li, Jun Shu, Liqing Chen, Hongyun Bi. Effect of Cerium on High-Temperature Oxidation Resistance of 00Cr17NbTi Ferritic Stainless Steel[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2014, 27(3): 501-507.

Figures/Tables 10

Table 1 Chemical composition of investigated materials (in wt%)

Steel	C	Si	Mn	P	S	Cr	Nb	Ti	N	Ce	Fe
F1	0.011	0.31	0.34	0.029	0.002	18.20	0.26	0.15	0.004	–	Bal.
F2	0.009	0.35	0.31	0.026	0.002	18.22	0.26	0.16	0.0045	0.06	Bal.
F3	0.011	0.32	0.32	0.009	0.001	18.22	0.27	0.13	0.006	0.11	Bal.

Fig. 1 Microstructures of three stainless steels: a F1 steel with Ce-free; b F2 steel with Ce 0.06 wt%; c F3 steel with Ce 0.11 wt%

Fig. 2 Distributions of RE oxides in F2 steel with 0.06 wt% Ce a; F3 steel with 0.11 wt% Ce b; EDS result of a selected oxide denoted by the circle in b; c

Fig. 3 Oxidation kinetic curves of the stainless steels at 1,000 °C

Table 2 Values of the constants obtained in this work after fitting the thermo-gravimetric data for the 3 stainless steel oxidized isothermally at 1,000 °C

Steel	n	k_p (mg²/cm⁴h)
F1	2.25	0.042
F2	2.19	0.040
F3	2.02	0.028

Fig. 4 Morphologies of the oxide layers in these three stainless steels oxidized at 1,000 °C for 100 h: a F1 steel; b F2 steel; c F3 steel

Fig. 5 Cross-sectional morphologiesof oxide layers in these three stainless steels oxidized for 30 h (a, c, e) and 100 h (b, d, f) at 1,000 °C: a, b F1 steel; c, d F2 steel; e, f F3 steel

Fig. 6 XRD patterns of oxidation products on the stainless steels oxidized at 1,000 °C for different times: a F1 steel; b F2 steel; c F3 steel

Fig. 7 Each elements distribution along the depth of the stainless steels after oxidated at 1,000 °C: a Cr; b Fe; c Mn; d O

Fig. 8 Model of preventing the formation of cavity in Ce-bearing 00Cr17NbTi ferritic stainless steel: a ions diffusion; b formation of small cavity; c formation of big cavity; d cerium oxides deposit in cavity; e cavity blocked

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