Route Effect on Equal Channel Angular Pressing of Copper Tube

doi:10.1007/s40195-014-0028-4

Abstract

Abstract:

A new technique to produce ultra-fine grained tubular specimen has been proposed, and the experiments have been performed using equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) with an angle of 90° between two intersecting channels and also the use of rubber pad as a mandrel during process. Commercial purity copper tubes have been pressed up to three passes through four different fundamental routes (A, B_A, B_C, and C) directions of which are identified in the text below. The influence of each route on the value, distribution, and homogeneity of hardness has been investigated by applying Vickers micro-hardness measurements at various locations of the tube’s transverse planes. Significant enhancement of the hardness is observed after the first pass ECAP. Also, routes C and B_C show, respectively, better average hardness magnitude and hardness distribution uniformity. In addition, the results indicate that there is about 50% and 62% reduction of the grain size, compared to the annealed condition, following ECAP process of the copper tube sample after the first and the third pass via route B_C.

Key words: Severe plastic deformation (SPD), Equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), Tube, Route, Hardness

Faramarz Djavanroodi, Ali Asghar Zolfaghari, Mahmoud Ebrahimi, Kamran Nikbin. Route Effect on Equal Channel Angular Pressing of Copper Tube[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters), 2014, 27(1): 95-100.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig. 1 Schematic representation of three SPD methods to fabricate UFG tube-shaped specimens: a spin extrusion [12]; b high pressure tube twisting [14]; c accumulative spin bonding [16]

Fig. 2 Schematic representation of two SPD methods to produce UFG tube-shaped samples: a ECAP with sand [11]; b tubular channel angular pressing [17]

Fig. 3 ECAP die set up with the rubber pad sample and formed work piece after one pass ECAP

Fig. 4 Locations of Vickers hardness tests for samples before and after the first and also, third passes by routes A, BA, BC, and C

Fig. 5 CP Cu tube samples before and after ECAP process using routes A, BA, BC, and C

Fig. 6 Average hardness magnitudes for Cu-ECAPed tube specimens before and after one and three pass pressings by routes A, BA, BC, and C

Fig. 7 Magnitudes of inhomogeneity factor for ECAPed tube work pieces after one and three pass pressings by routes A, BA, BC, and C

Fig. 8 Optical microstructural observation of copper tube samples: a as annealed; b after the first pass of ECAP process by route BC; c after the third pass of ECAP process by route BC

Fig. 9 Magnitudes of Vickers hardness at the top, bottom, and lateral locations of the first and third passes of ECAPed tube specimens by routes A, BA, BC, and C

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